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Impacts on freshwater macrophytes produced by small invertebrate herbivores: Afrotropical and Neotropical wetlands compared

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Abstract

We compare invertebrate herbivory upon 13 macrophyte species in freshwater wetland systems located in two global ecozones, the Afrotropics and Neotropics, in the context of biotic and environmental factors influencing these wetlands. The two ecozones are climatically similar regions, with similar water chemistry, but experience contrasting grazing and disturbance pressures from large mammalian herbivores. Our results for macrophytes show that small invertebrates removed significantly more lamina biomass per leaf in Neotropical macrophytes (6.55%) than Afrotropical ones (4.99%). Overall, the results indicate that underestimation of up to 15.6% of leaf biomass may occur if plant tissue removal by invertebrate herbivores is not included in estimates of plant biomass. Regarding the contrasting grazing and disturbance pressures from large herbivores influencing these wetlands, seven mammal species (especially the Black Lechwe antelope, Kobus leche) were observed impacting macrophytes in the Afrotropical wetlands, while in the Neotropics, only much smaller rodents, capybara, (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) were sporadically observed. We discuss the relevance of results for invertebrate herbivory in the context of both the methodological approach and the importance of large mammalian herbivores as biotic factors additionally impacting macrophyte populations in these subtropical to tropical wetlands.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Kasanka Trust and Zambia Wildlife Authority (ZAWA) for their support and assistance during sampling in Africa. This study was funded by PICT 2160-2011, PICT 1910-2015 of the Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica and PI 17Q003 of the Secretaría General de Ciencia Técnica de la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (Argentina), the Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland, and the Commission of the European Community/ACP Science and Technology Programme (Grant Number AFS/2009/219013). The authors declare no conflict of interest in undertaking this work. We are grateful for comments on the draft ms from Dr. Sidinei Thomaz (Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Brazil), Dr. Kim Canavan (Rhodes University, South Africa) and Dr. Martin Nuñez (Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Argentina).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio de Herbivoría y Control Biológico en Humedales (HeCoB), Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral, CECOAL-CONICET-UNNE, Ruta 5, km 2.5, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina

    M. Celeste Franceschini & Fedra S. Martínez

  2. University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK

    Kevin J. Murphy & Isabel Moore

  3. Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, England, UK

    Michael P. Kennedy

  4. Kasanka Trust, Kasanka National Park, P.O. Box 850073, Serenje, Zambia

    Frank Willems

  5. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo (FCNyM-UNLP), 1900, La Plata, Argentina

    M. Laura De Wysiecki

  6. Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia

    Henry Sichingabula

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Franceschini, M.C., Murphy, K.J., Moore, I. et al. Impacts on freshwater macrophytes produced by small invertebrate herbivores: Afrotropical and Neotropical wetlands compared. Hydrobiologia 847, 3931–3950 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04360-5

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