Abstract
Many successful invasive species have generalist diets, but the extent to which they can track changing resources has seldom been documented. Stable isotope analysis was used to measure dietary shifts with ontogeny and over time in relation to changes in prey availability for Indo-Pacific lionfish (Pterois sp.). These are invasive predators that are well established throughout the western North Atlantic and Caribbean where they have caused significant decreases in native reef fish populations in some areas. Samples and observations were made off New Providence Island, Bahamas during the summers of 2008 and 2010. Lionfish δ15N and δ13C values increased only weakly with body length, suggesting that processes other than growth also contribute to stable isotope variability. The trophic niche of lionfish changed significantly between years, concomitant with large changes in native fish prey abundance and community structure. The trophic niche of large lionfish expanded, increasing in trophic diversity at the population level and showing lower individual trophic similarity, while that of small lionfish remained similar in size but shifted towards more 15N-enriched and 13C-depleted prey sources. The ability of lionfish to modify their diet over time may have facilitated their expansion and persistence at high densities in some areas despite local prey depletion.
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Data availability
The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Stuart Cove’s Dive Bahamas for generously donating logistic support for fieldwork in the Bahamas, and Lad Akins and many volunteers with the Reef Environmental Education Foundation for assistance with collecting lionfish for this study. We also thank Amber Richmond, Christine Konrad, Dickson Wong, Melissa Englouen, and Roxanne-Liana Francisca for their help in processing samples for SIA.
Funding
LMC was supported by Scholarships from the National Council for Research and Technology of Mexico (CONACyT; Grant Number 311409) and Simon Fraser University (SFU), as well as through a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant to IMC.
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Malpica-Cruz, L., Green, S.J. & Côté, I.M. Temporal and ontogenetic changes in the trophic signature of an invasive marine predator. Hydrobiologia 839, 71–86 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-019-03996-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-019-03996-2