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Manganese oxides as localized drivers of benthic invertebrate density and community structure

Hydrobiologia volume 838, pages 85–98 (2019)Cite this article

Abstract

Oxidized manganese (Mn) forms tightly bound, dark precipitates on exposed rock surfaces in rivers, which could impact benthic communities. We combined a field survey with two experiments to identify patterns in benthic invertebrate community structure and potential mechanisms creating these patterns on substrates coated with Mn oxides and on ‘uncoated’ substrates in a large gravel-bed river. Uncoated substrate had roughly seven times higher densities of benthic macroinvertebrates, particularly fixed retreat filter feeders such as Brachycentrus, Rheotanytarsus, and Hydropsyche, while clinger taxa had similar densities between coated and uncoated substrates. In a substrate preference experiment conducted in laboratory microcosms, nymphs of a swimming mayfly (Isonychia bicolor) were more likely to avoid Mn-coated than uncoated substrate, while nymphs of a clinger mayfly family (Heptageniidae) showed no significant substrate preference or avoidance. In a field colonization experiment, invertebrate communities established on Mn-coated substrate had significantly higher variability in taxonomic composition but similar densities to communities on uncoated rocks. Combined, these results demonstrate a large difference in biological communities and describe patterns that occur during community assembly on Mn-coated substrate. While established communities responded negatively to Mn oxides, our results indicated coated substrate might also create community heterogeneity within large river riffle habitats.

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Acknowledgements

Research support was provided by the Katherine Mabis McKenna Foundation and the Degenstein Foundation. We would like to thank Meghan Reilly and Lizzie Walters for their valuable assistance in the field and laboratory and three anonymous reviewers for their constructive feedback on earlier versions of this manuscript.

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  1. Matthew J. Wilson

    Present address: Freshwater Research Initiative, Susquehanna University, Selinsgrove, PA, 17870, USA

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  1. Biology Department, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, 17837, USA

    Matthew J. Wilson, Matthew E. McTammany & Hannah R. Bohr

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Diagram showing aquarium modified to create microcosm with circulating flow used for substrate preference experiment. (JPEG 72 kb)

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Wilson, M.J., McTammany, M.E. & Bohr, H.R. Manganese oxides as localized drivers of benthic invertebrate density and community structure. Hydrobiologia 838, 85–98 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-019-03979-3

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Keywords

  • Habitat heterogeneity
  • Macroinvertebrate
  • Manganese oxide
  • River ecology