Abstract
Understanding the habitat usage of a species is essential to assessing the impacts of human activities, conservation efforts, and management issues on that species. Whitemouth croaker, an important species in the artisanal fishery market, inhabits different habitats of the Patos Lagoon estuary year-round based on the stage of its life cycle. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that habitat preferences and changes in abundance during the life cycle influence the model outcomes in the study of species distribution. Additionally, we evaluated whether incorporating additional life stages within the model affected the outcome of what comprised the essential fish habitat. Our results showed that the model’s outcome was affected when temporal variability and additional life stages were considered. We suggest that variability in abundance and habitat preferences at different developmental stages must be considered when identifying essential fish habitat of species with complex life cycles, such as whitemouth croaker. Understanding these changes could improve conservation and management outcomes.






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Acknowledgments
We acknowledge the financial aid and logistical support provided by the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande. We are also thankful to all the people who helped in the sampling and processing of samples over the years and to C.R.A. Tagliani and L.J. Calliari, who kindly provided spatial information about sediment and bathymetry. M.D.C.P. was financially supported by the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) with a post-graduate scholarship. J. H. M. and J. P. V. received a CNPq Grant (Proc. 310931/2012-6 and Proc. 309575/2013-3). This work is a contribution of the Brazilian Long Term Ecological Research Program (PELD) and SISBIOTA (Sistema Nacional de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade) from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq–Proc. 403805/2012-0; 563263/2010-5).
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Costa, M.D.P., Muelbert, J.H., Vieira, J.P. et al. Dealing with temporal variation and different life stages of whitemouth croaker Micropogonias furnieri (Actinopterygii, Sciaenidae) in species distribution modeling to improve essential estuarine fish habitat identification. Hydrobiologia 762, 195–208 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-015-2348-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-015-2348-4


