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Comparisons of sexual reproduction in Carijoa riisei (Cnidaria, Alcyonacea) in South Atlantic, Caribbean, and Pacific areas

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Abstract

Soft corals show a wide variety of reproductive strategies, including both asexual and sexual reproduction which can influence macro-evolutionary processes. The octocoral Carijoa riisei has an ample geographical distribution in Pacific and southern Atlantic and also in Caribbean region. This species was considered invasive in Hawaii, and its capacity for rapid proliferation is recognized, but recent studies, however, have indicated that it appears to be native to the Indo-Pacific region. The present study examined the reproductive biology of C. riisei in the Atlantic basin. The results were then compared to previous studies of the same species from the Pacific (Hawaii) and Caribbean (Puerto Rico) regions to examine the hypothesis that the reproductive patterns of C. riisei populations are the same throughout its geographical distribution, independent of its native or non-native status. Samples were collected on a monthly basis from May/2007 to April/2008 at Porto de Galinhas (Pernambuco State, Brazil). This species was found to have similar reproduction patterns in Brazil, the Caribbean, and in Hawaii (a gonochoric reproductive pattern and continuous and asynchronous gamete release). The similarities of their traits contribute to its rapid proliferation and occupation of spaces left by other species, independent of its native or non-native status.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the boatman Júnior (from Porto de Galinhas), the Porto Point Dive Shop, Aquaticus, David Belanger, and Diego Leonel Costa for their invaluable assistance with the field work. This work was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa- CNPq (MCT/CNPq 14/2008-Universal, Grant number 480478/2008-2) and the Fundação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-CAPES (T.M.B. Masters research fellowship).

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Correspondence to Paula Braga Gomes.

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Barbosa, T.M., Gomes, P.B., Bergeron, AS. et al. Comparisons of sexual reproduction in Carijoa riisei (Cnidaria, Alcyonacea) in South Atlantic, Caribbean, and Pacific areas. Hydrobiologia 734, 201–212 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-014-1893-6

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