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Intraspecific spatial genetic differentiation of a Daphnia species within a long narrow reservoir

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Abstract

Environmental gradients influence the distribution and taxonomic composition of planktonic taxa, including Daphnia. In canyon-shaped reservoirs with pronounced horizontal gradients of food supply, predation pressure and other factors, not only species and interspecific hybrids but also clones within these taxa are non-randomly distributed. Using a long-term data set from a reservoir mostly dominated by a single Daphnia species, we evaluated whether intraspecific genetic differentiation can be frequently detected between upstream and downstream reservoir regions with different environmental conditions. We analysed variation at four allozyme loci (two species-specific and two polymorphic) to assess the taxonomic composition and intraspecific variation of Daphnia collected in different years (between 1995 and 2005) and periods of the growing season. D. galeata dominated in all samples, although other species and hybrids with D. galeata were also occasionally detected. Despite limited variation at the analysed loci, D. galeata from upstream and downstream regions were significantly genetically differentiated on seven out of twelve sampling dates. Although genetic drift in geographically distant subpopulations may contribute to differentiation, we presume that the observed patterns are primarily due to different selection regimes. We predict that a significant genetic differentiation within planktonic populations also occurs more frequently in natural water bodies.

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Acknowledgments

This research was funded by the Grant Agency of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IAA600960901) and the Czech Science Foundation (206/04/0190). We thank Kateřina Kolářová for assistance with the laboratory analyses, the Upper Vltava River Authority for helpful approach to field studies on Římov Reservoir, Josef Hejzlar for providing the data on total phosphorus concentrations, David Hardekopf for language revisions, and two anonymous reviewers whose comments improved previous version of the manuscript.

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  1. Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, 12844, Prague 2, Czech Republic

    Adam Petrusek

  2. Biology Centre AS CR, Institute of Hydrobiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Sádkách 7, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic

    Jaromír Seda, Jiří Macháček, Milan Říha & Marie Prchalová

  3. Institute for Environmental Sciences, Molecular Ecology, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, 76829, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany

    Klaus Schwenk

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  1. Adam Petrusek
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Correspondence to Adam Petrusek.

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Guest editors: Marina Manca & Piet Spaak / Cladocera: Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Cladocera

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Petrusek, A., Seda, J., Macháček, J. et al. Intraspecific spatial genetic differentiation of a Daphnia species within a long narrow reservoir. Hydrobiologia 715, 169–180 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-013-1454-4

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