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Contrasting genetic structure of two Pacific Hymeniacidon species

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Abstract

The geographic genetic structure of two common encrusting sponges, Hymeniacidon sinapium and Hymeniacidon flavia (family Halichondriidae), was investigated using two DNA markers, Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (nad5) of mitochondrial DNA. In the ITS analyses, multiple sequence types were identified within each species. Geographic distribution patterns of sequence types showed higher diversity in the western than eastern areas in both species. However, intraspecific genetic diversity of the two species in Japan differed markedly. Hymeniacidon flavia had far more diverse sequence types, and several genetic differentiations between localities were detected. In contrast, H. sinapium had only four sequence types in Japan, and two Atlantic Hymeniacidon species had sequence types similar to this species. In comparison to ITS, nad5 showed very low genetic diversity in both species, with two haplotypes identified in each species. In H. flavia, frequency of haplotype changed gradually from north to south. In H. sinapium, one haplotype was predominant in most regions, and another haplotype was minor and distributed only in the Korean and Tsushima populations. Based on the unique distribution patterns of sequence types around Shikoku and Kyushu, geographical history and ocean currents were assumed to affect the generation of genetic structure. The geographic genetic structure of H. flavia suggests low dispersal ability of pelagic larvae, whereas higher larval dispersal ability and a far broader distribution range are suggested in H. sinapium.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Y. Ise, M.T. Ishikawa, Y. Kano, M. Mitsuhashi, and N. Hoshino for help with the sampling and members of the Department of Zoology, National Science Museum, Tokyo, for assistance with the laboratory work. We also thank H. Ueda for his advice and support. This study was supported by Sasakawa and the Research Institute of Marine Invertebrates to SH.

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  1. National museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo, 3-23-1 Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-0073, Japan

    Sayumi Hoshino, Daichi S. Saito & Toshihiko Fujita

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  1. Sayumi Hoshino
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  2. Daichi S. Saito
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  3. Toshihiko Fujita
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Correspondence to Sayumi Hoshino.

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Hoshino, S., Saito, D.S. & Fujita, T. Contrasting genetic structure of two Pacific Hymeniacidon species. Hydrobiologia 603, 313–326 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-008-9295-2

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