Abstract
The hard articulated jaws of some pseudocoelomate metazoans were recently used in reconstructing their phylogenetic relationships, but we still do not know if these structures could change in size and shape during the life of individuals, and experimental data are lacking on their post-embryonic development. Rotifers are one of the groups in which hard articulated jaws, called trophi, are well known, and are widely used taxonomically. Here we report on SEM study of trophi of rotifers of different ages, to determine if the trophi structures change in shape and/or in size during post-embryonic development. We used linear measurements and geometric morphometrics analyses from scanning electron microscopic pictures of trophi of Cupelopagis vorax, Dicranophorus forcipatus, Macrotrachela quadricornifera, Notommata glyphura, Rotaria macrura, R. neptunoida, and R. tardigrada. Results for these species show that trophi do not change after hatching, either in size or in shape. In contrast, data on Asplanchna priodonta reveal trophi growth after hatching.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
D. C. Adams D. J. Funk (1997) ArticleTitleMorphometric inferences on sibling species and sexual dimorphism in Neochlamisus bebbianae leaf beetles: multivariate applications of the thin-plate spline Systematic Biology 46 180–194
W. H. Ahlrichs (1997) ArticleTitleEpidermal ultrastructure of Seison nebaliae and Seison annulatus, and a comparison of epidermal structures within Gnathifera Zoomorphology 117 41–48 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s004350050028
G. Badino C. Robotti (1975) ArticleTitleSelection in parthenogenetic lines of Asplanchna sieboldi (Leydig) 1854 (Rotatoria) Experientia 31 298–299 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF01922547 Occurrence Handle1116528
Bookstein, F. L., 2000. Morphometrics. In {\sl Encyclopedia of Life Sciences,} MacMillan, {\tt www.els.net}
A. Cardini P. Tongiorgi (2003) ArticleTitleYellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventris) ‘in the shape space’ (Rodentia, Sciuridae): sexual dimorphism, growth and allometry of the mandible Zoomorphology 122 11–23
W. H. De Smet ParticleDe R. Pourriot (1997) Rotifera. Vol. 5: The Dicranophoridae and the Ituridae. Guides to the identification of the microinvertebrates of the continental waters of the world, Vol. 12 SPB Academic Publishing Amsterdam 344
W. H. De Smet ParticleDe (1998) ArticleTitlePreparation of rotifer trophi for light and scanning electron microscopy Hydrobiologia 388 117–121 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1017053518665
W. H. De Smet ParticleDe (2002) ArticleTitleA new record of Limnognathia maerski Kristensen & Funch, 2000 (Micrognathozoa) from the subantarctic Crozet Islands, with redescriptions of the trophi Journal of Zoology, London 258 381–393
J. Donner (1965) Ordnung Bdelloidea (Rotifera, Rädertiere) Akademie Verlag Berlin 297
D. Fontaneto G. Melone (2003) ArticleTitleRedescription of Pleuretra hystrix, an endemic alpine bdelloid rotifer Hydrobiologia 497 153–160 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1025426024373
D. Fontaneto G. Melone R. L. Wallace (2003) ArticleTitleMorphology of Floscularia ringens (Rotifera Monogononta) from egg to adult Invertebrate Biology 122 231–240
D. Fontaneto G. Melone A. Cardini (2004) ArticleTitleShape diversity in the trophi of different species of Rotaria (Rotifera, Bdelloidea): a geometric morphometric study Italian Journal of Zoology 71 63–72
J. J. Gilbert (2001) ArticleTitleSpine development in Brachionus quadridentatus from an Australian billabong: genetic variation and induction by Asplanchna Hydrobiologia 446 19–28 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1017560703180
P. H. Gosse (1856) ArticleTitleOn the structure, functions and homologies of the manducatory organs in the class Rotifera Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 146 419–452
S. Josè de Paggi Particlede ( 2002) Family Asplanchnidae T. Nogrady H. Segers (Eds) Rotifera. Vol. 6: Aspelianchnidae, Gastropodidae, Lindiidae, Microcodidae, Synchaetidae, Trochosphaeridae and Filinia. Guides to the identification of the microinvertebrates of the continental waters of the world, Vol NumberInSeries18 Backhuys Publishers Leiden 1–24
C. P. Klingenberg G. S. McIntyre S. D. Zaklan (1998) ArticleTitleLeft-right asymmetry of fly wings and the evolution of body axes Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 265 1255–1259 Occurrence Handle10.1098/rspb.1998.0427
J. Klusemann W. Kleinow W. Peters (1990) ArticleTitleThe hard parts (trophi) of the rotifer mastax do contain chitin: evidence from studies on Brachionus plicatilis Histochemistry 94 277–283 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00266628 Occurrence Handle2401635
W. Koste R. J. Shiel (1980) ArticleTitlePreliminary remarks on the rotifer fauna of Australia (Notogea) Hydrobiologia 73 221–227 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00019451
R. M. Kristensen P. Funch (2000) ArticleTitleMicrognathozoa: a new class with complicated jaws like those of Rotifera and Gnathostomulida Journal of Morphology 246 1–49 Occurrence Handle10.1002/1097-4687(200010)246:1<1::AID-JMOR1>3.0.CO;2-D Occurrence Handle11015715
D. Mark Welch M. Meselson (2000) ArticleTitleEvidence for the evolution of bdelloid rotifers without sexual reproduction or genetic exchange Science 288 1211–1215 Occurrence Handle10817991
G. I. Markevich (1989) ArticleTitleMorphology and the principle organisation of sclerite system of the mastax in rotifers Proceedings of the Institute Biology of Inland Waters 56 27–82
G. Melone (2001) ArticleTitleRhinoglena frontalis (Rotifera, Monogononta): a scanning electron microscopic study Hydrobiologia 446 291–296 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1017536314509
G. Melone D. Fontaneto (2004) ArticleTitleTrophi structure in bdelloid rotifers Hydrobiologia 546 197–202
G. Melone C. Ricci H. Segers (1998a) ArticleTitleThe trophi of Bdelloidea (Rotifera): a comparative study across the class Canadian Journal of Zoology 76 1755–1765 Occurrence Handle10.1139/cjz-76-9-1755
G. Melone C. Ricci H. Segers R. L. Wallace (1998b) ArticleTitlePhylogenetic relationships of phylum Rotifera with emphasis on the families of Bdelloidea Hydrobiologia 388 101–107 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1017057619574
T. Nogrady (1982) Rotifera S.P. Parker (Eds) Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms McGraw-Hill New York 865–872
T. Nogrady R. Pourriot H. Segers (1995) Rotifera, Vol 3. The Notommatidae and the Scaridiidae. Guides to the identification of the microinvertebrates of the continental waters of the world. Vol 8 SPB Academic Publishing The Hague 248
T. Nogrady R. L. Wallace T. W. Snell (1993) Rotifera. Vol I. Biology, Ecology and Systematics. Guides to the identification of the microinvertebrates of the continental waters of the world NumberInSeries4 SPB Academic Publishers The Hague 142
C. Ricci U. Fascio (1995) ArticleTitleLife-history consequences of resource-allocation of 2 bdelloid rotifer species Hydrobiologia 299 231–239 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00767330
C. Ricci G. Melone (2000) ArticleTitleKey to the identification of the genera of bdelloid rotifers Hydrobiologia 418 73–80 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1003840216827
C. Ricci G. Melone E. J. Walsh (2001) ArticleTitleA carnivorous bdelloid rotifer, Abrochtha carnivora n.sp Invertebrate Biology 120 136–141 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1744-7410.2001.tb00117.x
F. J. Rohlf (1998) ArticleTitleOn applications of geometric morphometrics to studies of ontogeny and phylogeny Systematic Biology 47 147–158 Occurrence Handle10.1080/106351598261094 Occurrence Handle12064235
Rohlf, F. J., 2002a. Tps Series. Department of Ecology and Evolution, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York. http://life.bio.sunysb.edu/morph/
F. J. Rohlf (2002b) NTSYS-pc, version 2.10z Exeter Software Setauket, New York
F. J. Rohlf L. F. Marcus (1993) ArticleTitleA revolution in morphometrics Trends in Ecology and Evolution 8 129–132 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0169-5347(93)90024-J
H. Segers (1993) ArticleTitleRotifera of some lakes in the floodplain of the River Niger (Imo State, Nigeria). I New species and other taxonomic considerations Hydrobiologia 250 39–61
H. Segers (1995) Rotifera. Vol. 2: The Lecanidae (Monogononta). Guides to the identification of the microinvertebrates of the continental waters of the world. 6 SPB Academic Publishing The Hague 226
H. Segers (1997) ArticleTitleContribution to a revision of Floscularia Cuvier, 1798 (Rotifera: Monogononta): notes on some Neotropical taxa Hydrobiologia 354 165–175 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1003166911731
H. Segers G. Melone (1998) ArticleTitleA comparative study of trophi morphology in Seisonidea (Rotifera) Journal of Zoology 244 201–207 Occurrence Handle10.1017/S0952836998002052
H. Segers R. L. Wallace (2001) ArticleTitlePhylogeny and classification of the Conochilidae (Rotifera, Monogononta, Flosculariacea) Zoologica Scripta 30 37–48 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1463-6409.2001.00048.x
R. R. Sokal F. J. Rohlf (1995) Biometry, the Principles and Practice of Statistics in Biological Research EditionNumber3rd edn Freeman and co New York 887
M. V. Sørensen (2000) ArticleTitleAn SEM study of the jaws of Haplognathia rosea and Rastrognathia macrostoma (Gnathostomulida), with a preliminary comparison with the rotiferan trophi Acta Zoologica, Stockholm 81 9–16
M. V. Sørensen (2002a) ArticleTitleOn the evolution and morphology of the rotiferan trophi, with a cladistic analysis of Rotifera Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 40 129–154 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1439-0469.2002.00188.x
M. V. Sørensen (2002b) ArticleTitlePhylogeny and jaw evolution in Gnathostomulida, with cladistic analysis of the genera Zoologica Scripta 31 461–480 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1463-6409.2002.00089.x
M. V. Sørensen (2003) ArticleTitleFurther structures in the jaw apparatus of Limnognathia maerski (Micrognathozoa), with notes on the phylogeny of the Gnathifera Journal of Morphology 255 131–145 Occurrence Handle10.1002/jmor.10038 Occurrence Handle12474262
M. V. Sørensen W. Sterrer (2002) ArticleTitleNew characters in the gnathostofmulid mouth parts as revealed by scanning electron microscopy Journal of Morphology 253 310–334 Occurrence Handle10.1002/jmor.10006 Occurrence Handle12125068
G. W. Tannreuther (1920) ArticleTitleThe development of Asplanchna ebbesbornii (Rotifer) Journal of Morphology 33 389–437 Occurrence Handle10.1002/jmor.1050330205
C. Zelinka (1891) ArticleTitleStudien über Räderthiere III. Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Räderthiere nebst Bemerkungen über ihre Anatomie and Biologie Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Zoologie 53 1–159
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fontaneto, D., Melone, G. Do Rotifer Jaws Grow After Hatching?. Hydrobiologia 546, 213–221 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-005-4199-x
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-005-4199-x