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Cognitive impairment in patients with heart failure: molecular mechanism and therapy

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Abstract

Heart failure (HF) is associated with multiple organ dysfunction and many comorbidities. Its incidence is high among the elderly and is a major health burden worldwide. Cognitive impairment (CI) is highly prevalent in older patients with HF, which is an abnormality in one or more of the items of cognition, attention, memory, language, psychomotor function, and visual spatial acuity. Studies have shown that the incidence of CI in HF patients is between 13 and 54%, and patients with both conditions have poor self-care ability and prognosis, as well as increased mortality rates. However, the mechanisms of CI development in HF patients are still unclear. In this review, we describe the epidemiology and risk factors as well as measures of improving CI in HF patients. We update the latest pathophysiological mechanisms related to the neurocognitive changes in HF patients, expounding on the mechanisms associated with the development of CI in HF patients.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers 82160157, Sheng Wang); the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers 81471106, Feng Zhong); and the Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research project of Basic Research plan (grant numbers 1611, Feng Zhong).

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  1. Yanan Wu and Liwen Chen contributed equally to this article.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China

    Yanan Wu, Kaiyi Zhou & Sheng Wang

  2. Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

    Sheng Wang

  3. Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China

    Yanan Wu, Liwen Chen, Feng Zhong, Kaiyi Zhou, Chao Lu & Sheng Wang

  4. Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China

    Liwen Chen

  5. Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

    Xiao Cheng

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Yanan Wu helped search the literature and prepare the manuscript. Liwen Chen helped search the literature and prepare the manuscript. Feng Zhong helped with the article modification. Kaiyi Zhou helped article modification. Chao Lu helped with the article modification. Sheng Wang helped prepare the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Wu, Y., Chen, L., Zhong, F. et al. Cognitive impairment in patients with heart failure: molecular mechanism and therapy. Heart Fail Rev 28, 807–820 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10741-022-10289-9

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