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HDL and its sphingosine-1-phosphate content in cardioprotection

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Abstract

Increasing evidence suggests that High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are a direct cardioprotective agent in the setting of acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, and that this cardioprotection occurs independently of their atheroprotective effect. Studies on the involved mechanisms have revealed that the biologically active HDL-compound sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is responsible for the beneficial effect of HDL on the myocardium. There appears to be an intricate interplay between known preconditioning agents and components of the S1P synthesis machinery in the heart, which makes S1P signalling an attractive downstream convergence point of preconditioning and cardioprotection at the level of its G protein-coupled receptors. While local S1P production has been known to protect the heart against ischemia/reperfusion injury and to mediate preconditioning, systemic S1P supply via HDL adds a novel aspect to the regulation of cardioprotection. Thus the S1P-content of HDL may serve both as a potential cardiovascular risk marker and a novel therapeutic target. Strategies for short-term “acute” HDL elevation as well as S1P analogues may prove beneficial not only in the high-risk patient but also in any patient at risk of myocardial ischemia.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Dr H.-H. Deichmann Foundation for Atherosclerosis Research and the DFG (LE940/3-1, SFB656, projects A1 and C3).

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  1. Institut für Pathophysiologie, Zentrum für Innere Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany

    Petra Keul, Katherine Sattler & Bodo Levkau

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  1. Petra Keul
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  2. Katherine Sattler
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  3. Bodo Levkau
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Correspondence to Bodo Levkau.

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Keul, P., Sattler, K. & Levkau, B. HDL and its sphingosine-1-phosphate content in cardioprotection. Heart Fail Rev 12, 301–306 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10741-007-9038-x

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