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DNA mismatch repair and Lynch syndrome

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Abstract

The evolutionary conserved mismatch repair proteins correct a wide range of DNA replication errors. Their importance as guardians of genetic integrity is reflected by the tremendous decrease of replication fidelity (two to three orders of magnitude) conferred by their loss. Germline mutations in mismatch repair genes, predominantly MSH2 and MLH1, have been found to underlie the Lynch syndrome (also called hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer, HNPCC), a hereditary predisposition for cancer. Lynch syndrome affects predominantly the colon and accounts for 2–5% of all colon cancer cases. During more than 30 years of biochemical, crystallographic and clinical research, deep insight has been achieved in the function of mismatch repair and the diseases that are associated with its loss. We review the biochemistry of mismatch repair and also introduce the clinical, diagnostic and genetic aspects of Lynch syndrome.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to apologize to all authors whose work could not be cited here due to space limitations. This work was supported by the HOMFOR Grant A/2004/13 to G.P. and by the Marianne and Klaus Paschke grant of the Freunde der Universität des Saarlandes to J.R.

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  1. Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Kirrberger Straße, Gebäude 41, D-66421, Homburg, Germany

    Guido Plotz, Stefan Zeuzem & Jochen Raedle

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  1. Guido Plotz
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  2. Stefan Zeuzem
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  3. Jochen Raedle
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Correspondence to Guido Plotz.

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Plotz, G., Zeuzem, S. & Raedle, J. DNA mismatch repair and Lynch syndrome. J Mol Hist 37, 271–283 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10735-006-9038-5

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