Skip to main content
Log in

Technological options in supervising remote research students

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Higher Education Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Students undertaking remote research degrees need special support from their supervisors, since they lack the rich environment of on-campus students and the face-to-face contact with supervisors and peers. Information Technology provides a wide variety of channels, most of them fast and relatively inexpensive, for developing and sustaining viable supervisory communication. An analysis of these options along the written/spoken and synchronous/asynchronous axes allows us to develop a useful taxonomy of communication for research supervision. Most of these options are usually regarded as second-best in comparison to face-to-face discussions with the supervisor. However, many IT media can be recorded, and so are retrievable. This feature emerges as a central component of effective supervision, and one which is not often accommodated in face-to-face supervision. A combination of media, involving maximum immediacy and personal interaction combined with recording for later review, has been shown in practice to yield the richest and most flexible supervision.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Acker, S., Hill, T., & Black, E. (1994). Thesis supervision in the social sciences: Managed or negotiated? Higher Education, 28(4), 483–498.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ahern, K., & Manathunga, C. (2004). Clutch-starting stalled research students. Innovative Higher Education, 28(4), 237–254.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aspland, T. (1999). Struggling with ambivalence within supervisory relations. In A. Holbrook, & S. Johnson (Eds.), Supervision of postgraduate research in education (pp. 95–111). Coldstream, Vic, Australia: Australian Association for Research in Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Australian Vice-Chancellors’ Committee. (2005). Universities and their students: Principles for the provision of education by Australian Universities. Canberra: AVCC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beattie, K., & James, R. (1997). Flexible coursework delivery to Australian postgraduates: How effective is the teaching and learning? Higher Education, 33, 177–194.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, P., & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cadman, K. (2000). ‘Voices in the air’: Evaluation of the experiences of international postgraduates and their supervisors. Teaching in Higher Education, 5(4), 475–491.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coulthard, D. (2000). Identifying the changing needs of Australian postgraduate students. Canberra: Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs. Retrieved from http://www.detya.gov.au/archive/highered/eippubs/eip99-9/default.htm.

  • Council of Australian Deans and Directors of Graduate Studies. (2005a). Framework for best practice in graduate education in Australia. Retrieved from http://www.ddogs.edu.au/cgi-bin/papers.pl

  • Council of Australian Deans and Directors of Graduate Studies. (2005b). Framework for best practice in doctoral examination in Australia. Retrieved from http://www.ddogs.edu.au/cgi-bin/papers.pl

  • Crystal, D. (2001). Language and the Internet. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, T., & Pearson, M. (1999). Off-campus doctoral research and study in Australia: Emerging issues, practices. In A. Holbrook, & S. Johnson (Eds.), Supervision of postgraduate research in education (pp. 185–206). Coldstream, Vic, Australia: Australian Association for Research in Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garcia, A. C., & Jacobs, J. B. (1999). The eyes of the beholder: Understanding the turn-taking system in quasi-synchronous computer-mediated communication. Research on Language and Social Interaction, 32(4), 337–367.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hartley, S., Gill, D., Walters, K., Bryant, P., & Carter, F. (2001). Twelve tips for potential distance learners. Medical Teacher, 23(1), 12–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hedberg, J., & Corrent-Agostinho, S. (2000). Creating a postgraduate virtual community: Assessment drives learning. Education Media International, 37(2), 83–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hutchby, I. (2001). Conversation and technology: From the telephone to the Internet. Cambridge, UK: Polity.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kandlbinder, P. (1998). Transforming post-graduate supervision [Online conference proceedings]. HERDSA. Retrieved from http://www2.auckland.ac.nz/cpd//HERDSA/HTML/TchLearn/kandlb.HTM

  • Manathunga, C., Smith, C., & Bath, D. (2004). Developing and evaluating authentic integration between research and coursework in professional doctorate programs. Teaching in Higher Education, 9(2), 236–246.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marsh, H. J., Rowe, K. J., & Martin, A. (2002). PhD students’ evaluation of research supervision. The Journal of Higher Education, 73(3), 313–348.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabian, A. (1981). Silent messages. Belmont: Wadsworth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgan, C., & Tam, M. (1999). Unraveling the complexities of distance education student attrition. Distance Education, 20(1), 96–103.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moses, I. (1984). Supervision of higher degree students—problem areas and possible solutions. Higher Education Research and Development, 3, 153–165.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moses, I. (1992). Good supervisory practice. In I. Moses (Ed.), Proceedings from the ARC and AVCC sponsored conference on research training and supervision (pp. 11–15). Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.

    Google Scholar 

  • Niesten, R., & Sussex, R. (2006). Negotiated meaning and ludicity in Internet chat. In L. van Waes, C. Neuwirth, & M. Leitjen (Eds.), Writing and digital media (pp. 67–78). Amsterdam: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ong, W.J. (1982). Orality and literacy: The technologizing of the word. London: Methuen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parry, S., & Hayden, M. (1994). Supervising higher degree research students: An investigation of practices across a range of academic departments. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pearson, M. (1999). The changing environment for doctoral education in Australia: Implications for quality management, improvement and innovation. Higher Education Research and Development, 18(3), 269–286.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pearson, M. (2000). Flexible postgraduate research supervision in an open system. In Quality in postgraduate research: Making ends meet. Proceedings of the 2000 Quality in Postgraduate Research Conference (pp. 103–118), Adelaide.

  • Pearson, M., & Brew, A. (2002). Research training and supervision development. Studies in Higher Education, 27(2), 135–150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pearson, M., & Ford, L. (1997). Open and flexible PhD study and research. Evaluations and Investigations Program, Higher Education Division, Department of Employment, Education, Training and Youth Affairs. Retrieved from http://www.detya.gov.au/archive/highered/eippubs/eip97-16/execsum.htm

  • Sussex, R. (in press). The globalization of English and intercultural communication on the Internet. In Proceedings of Annual ELT Conference. Oman: Sultan Qaboos University.

  • Symons, M. (2001). Learning assistance: Enhancing the PhD experience. In A. Bartlett, & G. Mercer (Eds.), Postgraduate research supervision: Transforming [R]elations (pp. 101–112). New York: Peter Lang.

    Google Scholar 

  • Todd, M. J., Smith, K., & Bannister, P. (2006). Supervising a social science undergraduate dissertation: Staff experiences and perceptions. Teaching in Higher Education, 7(2), 161–173.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wisker, G., Robinson G., Trafford V., Warnes M., & Crighton, E. (2003). From supervisory dialogues to successful PhDs: Strategies supporting and enabling the learning conversations of staff and students at postgraduate level. Teaching in Higher Education, 8(3), 383–397.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wisker, G., Walker, S., Richter, U., Robinson, G., & Trafford, V. (2003). On nurturing hedgehogs: Developments online for distance and offshore supervision. Paper presented at the Learning for an unknown future: 26th Annual HERDSA Conference, July 6–9, 2003.

  • Wright, T. (2003). Postgraduate research students: people in context? British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 31(2), 209–227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

I would like to express my thanks to Lily Lim and Vincent Wang, who first asked if they could record supervision sessions with me, and so started this line of enquiry; to Peter White, who commented on a previous version of this paper; to Greta Kelly, who suggested adding semi-synchronous communication and bulletin boards to the list of technologies; and to Catherine Manathunga and Alan Lawson, whose thinking on the issues of supervision have helped to sharpen my ideas.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Roland Sussex.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sussex, R. Technological options in supervising remote research students. High Educ 55, 121–137 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-006-9038-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-006-9038-0

Keywords

Navigation