Abstract
Dormancy is a limiting factor for breeding in northern wild rice (NWR; Zizania palustris L). This study developed a dormancy curve and tested a combination of scarification and hormone treatments, across three timepoints, for their ability to break dormancy in NWR and produce viable seedlings and plants. A dormancy curve was established across 9 months post-harvest, which showed maximum germination (95%) by 17 weeks post-harvest and high germination (≥ 81%) through the rest of the testing period. Subsequently, dormancy breaking treatments were tested at 1 week post-harvest; only a few seeds germinated (≤ 15%) across all treatment combinations. However, sulfuric acid increased germination shortly after harvest (5.8%), compared to water (0.5%) and NaClO (0%) but resulted in stunted seedlings, all but one of which died shortly thereafter. At 7 weeks, sulfuric acid treated seeds did not result in significantly higher germination than water and maximum germination was still below 15%. By 11 weeks post-harvest, the water treatments had the highest germination and resulted in the most viable plants, indicating that dormancy had begun to break naturally and exceeded the effect of the other scarification treatments. Hormonal treatments had no significant effect on germination or seed viability and no strong conclusions could be drawn about their effect on seedling or plant health. Due to the inability of early germinated seed to consistently produce viable plants and the increase in germination following sufficient cold storage, it is likely that NWR seed has intermediate or deep physiological dormancy.
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Funding for this research was provided by the State of Minnesota, Agricultural Research, Education, Extension and Technology Transfer program.
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Jennifer Kimball and Lillian McGilp contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation and data collection were performed by Lillian McGilp and Aaron Semington. Data analysis and the first draft of the manuscript was written by Lillian McGilp. Jennifer Kimball and Lillian McGilp contributed to further writing and editing of manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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McGilp, L., Semington, A. & Kimball, J. Dormancy breaking treatments in Northern Wild Rice (Zizania palustris L.) seed suggest a physiological source of Dormancy. Plant Growth Regul 98, 235–247 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-022-00859-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-022-00859-0