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UV-irradiation enhances rice allelopathic potential in rhizosphere soil

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Abstract

Ultraviolet-B radiation is rising continuously due to stratospheric ozone depletion over temperate latitudes. This study investigated effects of UV exposure on rice allelopathic potentials. For this purpose, two rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars BR-41 (high allelopathic = able to inhibit neighboring plants in native environment) and Huajingxian (low allelopathic = not able to inhibit neighboring plants, which were suppressed by higher allelopathic plants) were exposed to UV. Rhizosphere soils and leaf leachates bioassay were used to evaluate allelopathic potentials against receiver plants (barnyard grass and lettuce). These bioassays showed significant inhibition in lettuce and barnyard growth after UV in both rice cultivars. Interestingly, Huajingxian, which did not exhibit allelopathic potential in absence of UV showed significant inhibition after UV exposure. Phenolics, enzymes activities and genes responsible for biosynthesis of allelopathic compounds were examined after UV exposure. Phenolic compounds accumulated in rice leaves were quantified through HPLC analysis. They were significantly higher in BR-41 leaves after UV exposure. Enzyme activities (PAL and C4H) were significantly higher after UV exposure. The relative transcripts of genes (OsPAL and OsCYC1) responsible for biosynthesis of allelopathic compounds were also significantly higher after UV exposure. These results suggest that enhanced UV-irradiation levels due to ozone depletion may increase rice allelopathic potentials on paddy weeds.

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Abbreviations

UV:

Ultraviolet radiation

PAL:

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase

C4H:

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase

HPLC:

High performance liquid chromatography

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Acknowledgments

This research was financially supported by the National 973 project of China (2011CB100400), National Natural Science Foundation of China (31070388, 31028018, 30870390), Guangdong Province Universities and Colleges Pearl River Scholar Funded Scheme (2010), Guangdong Science and Technology Plan Project (2008A030101008, 2008B021500001) and Ph.D. Programs Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China (20104404110004) and Ministry of Education Pakistan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural Bio-resources, Wushan, People’s Republic of China

    Khalid Mahmood, Muhammad Bismillah Khan, Yuan Yuan Song, Shi Ming Luo & Ren Sen Zeng

  2. Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University, Wushan, 510642, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China

    Khalid Mahmood, Yuan Yuan Song, Shi Ming Luo & Ren Sen Zeng

  3. Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan

    Muhammad Bismillah Khan

  4. Department of Agronomy, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

    Muhammad Ijaz

  5. Department of Plant and Environment Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Khalid Mahmood

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  1. Khalid Mahmood
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  2. Muhammad Bismillah Khan
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Correspondence to Khalid Mahmood.

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Mahmood, K., Khan, M.B., Song, Y.Y. et al. UV-irradiation enhances rice allelopathic potential in rhizosphere soil. Plant Growth Regul 71, 21–29 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-013-9804-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-013-9804-9

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