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CIA Security for Internet of Vehicles and Blockchain-AI Integration

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Abstract

The lack of data security and the hazardous nature of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), in the absence of networking settings, have prevented the openness and self-organization of the vehicle networks of IoV cars. The lapses originating in the areas of Confidentiality, Integrity, and Authenticity (CIA) have also increased the possibility of malicious attacks. To overcome these challenges, this paper proposes an updated Games-based CIA security mechanism to secure IoVs using Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology. The proposed framework consists of a trustworthy authorization solution three layers, including the authentication of vehicles using Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs), a flexible Proof-of-Work (dPOW) consensus framework, and AI-enhanced duel gaming. The credibility of the framework is validated by different security analyses, showcasing its superiority over existing systems in terms of security, functionality, computation, and transaction overhead. Additionally, the proposed solution effectively handles challenges like side channel and physical cloning attacks, which many existing frameworks fail to address. The implementation of this mechanism involves the use of a reduced encumbered blockchain, coupled with AI-based authentication through duel gaming, showcasing its efficiency and physical-level support, a feature not present in most existing blockchain-based IoV verification frameworks.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank anonymous re-viewers for their useful suggestions.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Computer and Information, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, 558000, Duyun, Guizhou, China

    Tao Hai

  2. Electronics and Information Engineering, Ankang University, Ankang City, China

    Tao Hai

  3. School of Information and Artificial Intelligence, Nanchang Institute of Science and Technology, Nanchang, China

    Tao Hai

  4. Cyber Security Department, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, 51001, Babylon, Iraq

    Muammer Aksoy

  5. Computer Information Systems Department, Ahmed Bin Mohammed Military College, P.O. Box 22988, Doha, Qatar

    Muammer Aksoy

  6. School of Creative Technologies, University of Bolton, A676 Deane Rd, BL3 5AB, Bolton, UK

    Celestine Iwendi

  7. Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Coal City University Enugu, 400231, Enugu, Nigeria

    Celestine Iwendi

  8. School of Creative and Cultural Business, Robert Gordon University, AB10 7AQ, Aberdeen, UK

    Ebuka Ibeke

  9. School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India

    Senthilkumar Mohan

Authors
  1. Tao Hai
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  2. Muammer Aksoy
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  3. Celestine Iwendi
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  4. Ebuka Ibeke
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  5. Senthilkumar Mohan
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Contributions

Conceptualization by Celestine Iwendi and Tai Hai; Methodology by Muammer Aksoy; Software by Muammer Aksoy and Senthilkumar Mohan; formal analysis by Tai Hai and Senthilkumar Mohan; Investigation by Ebuka Ibeke and Celestine Iwendi; Resources and data collection by Tai Hai, Senthilkumar Mohan; Writing by: Tai Hai, Muammer Aksoy and Ebuka Ibeke; Validation by: Ebuka Ibeke, Senthilkumar Mohan and Celestine Iwendi. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Celestine Iwendi.

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Hai, T., Aksoy, M., Iwendi, C. et al. CIA Security for Internet of Vehicles and Blockchain-AI Integration. J Grid Computing 22, 43 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10723-024-09757-3

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