Abstract
Triticum sinskajae A. Filat. et Kurk. has been discovered in the early 1970s during the reproduction of Triticum monococcum L. accession k-20970. It is still debated whether it is a new species or a spontaneous mutant of T. monococcum. Although T. sinskajae appears to be genetically distinct from several T. monococcum lineages, there is still no data on the differences from accession k-20970, from which it may have originated. The purpose of this study was to compare the chloroplast genomes of T. sinskajae and T. monococcum accession k-20970 and clarify the phylogenetic relationships between einkorn wheats. Complete chloroplast genomes of T. sinskajae k-48993 (Dagestan), T. monococcum k-20970 (Turkey), T. boeoticum k-58674 (Armenia) have been sequenced and annotated for the first time. Chloroplast genome sequences of T. monococcum subsp. monococcum and T. urartu were used for comparative analysis. However T. monococcum k-20970 and T. sinskajae k-48993 had common mutations that were absent in T. monococcum subsp. monococcum, they also were polymorphic in 10 nucleotides, including 1 transversion, 1 deletion, 4 insertions and 4 bp inversion of AGAA to TTCT in the rbcL-psal intergenic region. Due to genetic and phenotypic differences T. sinskajae k-48993 and T. monococcum k-20970 can be considered different species. A comparison of the chloroplast genomes of einkorn wheats showed a common origin of the plastomes of three closely related species —T. sinskajae, T. monococcum and T. boeoticum, while T. urartu can be assigned to another clade.
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The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
The study of A.R. Kuluev was supported by state assignment no. 122030200143-8. The authors express their deep gratitude for the seeds used in the study, which were kindly provided from the world collection of seeds of the Federal Research Center “N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources” (VIR, St. Petersburg).
Funding
The study of B.R. Kuluev and E.V. Mikhaylova was funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (agreement no. 075-15-2021-1066 dated September 28, 2021).
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Bulat Kuluev and Alexey Chemeris designed research. Azat Kuluev isolated chloroplast DNA and performed sequencing. Bulat Kuluev conducted phylogenetic analysis. Azat Kuluev, Bulat Kuluev and Alexey Chemeris interpreted the results, wrote the paper and participated in the editing of the article. Elena Mikhaylova carried out a professional technical English edit of the manuscript.
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Azat, K., Bulat, K., Elena, M. et al. Sequencing and analysis of complete chloroplast genomes of einkorn wheats Triticum sinskajae and Triticum monococcum accession k-20970. Genet Resour Crop Evol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-023-01843-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-023-01843-x