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Comprehensive assessment of genetic diversity in chrysanthemum germplasm using morphological, biochemical and retrotransposon-based molecular markers

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Abstract

Chrysanthemum is an important floriculture plant worldwide. This study aims to examine the genetic diversity and similarity levels of 35 garden-type chrysanthemum genotypes of Chrysanthemum morifolium and Chrysanthemum indicum species sampled from different provinces of Türkiye, namely Konya, Kayseri, Aksaray, and Adana, based on morphological, biochemical, and molecular markers. Based on the findings of the present study, a wide variation was found in chrysanthemums in terms of morphological features. The findings further indicated that chrysanthemums were highly variable in terms of plant growth pattern, leaf, and branching characteristics, flower shape, flower color, and flowering times. The total phenolic contents of different garden chrysanthemum genotypes belonging to different species and genotypes varied between 1 and 5.68 mg GAE/g. Chrysanthemum genotypes showed strong antiradical activity against DPPH radical with the values between 22 and 86%. Morphological and biochemical features were supported by molecular data. The dimensions of genetic diversity were determined with 11 inter-primer binding site (iPBS) markers, and the similarity indexes of the genotypes were between 0.36 and 0.76. The expected and observed allelic frequency values (p, q) depending on the iPBS primers ranged from 0.222 to 0.562 and from 0.438 to 0.778, respectively. In the two and three-dimensional graphics of the principal component analysis prepared in line with the genetic parameters, it was found that the genotypes were clustered based on species and their direct proportion to the morphological characteristics. In this study, garden-type chrysanthemum genotypes sampled from different provinces of Türkiye were characterized. Although this study was conducted in a limited area, remarkably, there is a high variation in terms of morphological, biochemical, and genetic characteristics. This study will guide the transfer of some observed agronomic characteristics to cultivars with breeding programs.

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  1. Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey

    Akife Dalda-Sekerci

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Dalda-Sekerci, A. Comprehensive assessment of genetic diversity in chrysanthemum germplasm using morphological, biochemical and retrotransposon-based molecular markers. Genet Resour Crop Evol 70, 2321–2336 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-023-01634-4

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