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Understanding genetic diversity in blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] collections of Indian National Genebank

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Abstract

Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] is a protein rich pulse crop of Indian origin. The crop is cultivated in diverse range of agro-ecological regions, cropping systems and cultural environments, since ancient times. This has resulted in build-up of substantial amount of genetic diversity, directly or indirectly associated with survival and useful economic traits. However, the diversity remains underutilized in the crop improvement. This has adversely impacted the crop improvement programs. Therefore, in this study, we have characterized 840 accessions of blackgram for important agro-morphological traits to highlight the useful diversity available in the crop genepool. Statistical analyses have revealed a substantial amount of genetic diversity available in blackgram. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation showed a wide range of variation for pod length, seeds per pod, seed weight, flowering and maturity related traits. Comparatively high level of genetic gain was observed for days to initial flowering (57.12), flowering period (40.35), days to 50% flowering (37.26), days to end of flowering (31.23), canopy height (31.06) and days to 80% maturity (29.6). The first seven principal components (PCs) explained 92.197% of the total variability in the blackgram germplasm. Plotting of the first two major PCs in 2-dimnentional space highlighted the relationship among traits, and certain associations between traits and observations. Promising accessions with desirable magnitude of trait variation were also identified. The implications of results obtained from this study in blackgram breeding programs may prove useful in enhancing yield and genetic variability in the crop.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, 110 012, India

    Gayacharan, Kuldeep Tripathi, Neeta Singh, Ashok Kumar & Hanuman Lal

  2. ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, 110 012, India

    Muraleedhar S. Aski

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  1. Gayacharan
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  2. Kuldeep Tripathi
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  3. Muraleedhar S. Aski
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  4. Neeta Singh
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  5. Ashok Kumar
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  6. Hanuman Lal
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Gayacharan, Tripathi, K., Aski, M.S. et al. Understanding genetic diversity in blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] collections of Indian National Genebank. Genet Resour Crop Evol 69, 1229–1245 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-021-01301-6

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