Abstract
Lepidium sativum L. is a fast-growing and underutilized medicinal plant. The Indian system of medicinal and health recognized this plant as a source of several medicinal and nutraceutical molecules. The 94 accessions collected from different eco-geographical region of India were evaluated for two consecutive years to assess the level of genetic variability. The ANOVA revealed considerable variability for all the quantitative traits. The hierarchical clustering grouped all the accessions into 6 clusters. The clustering showed that majority of accessions i.e. 68 (72%) were genetically close as they grouped into three clusters (I, IV, V). The intra-cluster values ranged from 138.89 (cluster I) to 26.92 (cluster IV). The minimum inter-cluster distance was recorded 51.63 (between cluster III and IV), while the maximum inter-cluster distance was 361.02 (between cluster II and VI). The correlation among the traits were found to be of similar magnitude and direction for almost all the traits. The highest and lowest broad sense heritability was recorded for plant height (88.88%) and number of lateral branches (26.98%) respectively in first year, while in second year, the number of silique/plant (97.30%) and date of emergence (4.36%) respectively. The high estimates of genetic advance were noticed for all the traits except plant height, days of maturity and number of silique/plant. Through the present investigation diverse accessions have been identified that could utilized for further genetic improvement of Lepidium sativum.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles and news from researchers in related subjects, suggested using machine learning.References
Adegbe AA, Larayetan RA, Omojuwa TJ (2016) Proximate analysis, physicochemical properties and chemical constituents characterization of Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae) seed oil using GC-MS analysis. Am J Chem 6:23–28
Agarwal J, Verma DL (2011) Antioxidative activity and flavonoid composition from Lepidium sativum. J Nat Sci 9:21–25
Allard RW (1999) Principles of plant breeding, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York
Bedassa T, Andargie M, Eshete M (2013a) Genetic variability and association among yield, yield related traits and oil content in Ethiopian garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) genotypes. J Plant Breed Crop Sci 7:141–149
Bedassa T, Andargie M, Eshete M (2013b) Genetic divergence analysis of garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.). J Plant Breed Crop Sci 5:770–774
Bermejo JEH, León J (1994) Neglected horticultural crops. Plant production and protection. FAO, Rome, Italy
Chandrawati SN, Kumar R, Kumar S, Yadav HK (2016) Genetic variability and interrelationship among morphological and yield traits in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.). Genetika 48:881–892
Chauhan K, Nishteswar K, Chauhan MG (2012) Pharmacognostical evaluation of seeds of Lepidium sativum Linn. Int J Pharm Soil Sci Arch 3:627–631
Dabholkar AR (1992) Elements of Biometrical Genetics. Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi, pp 138–140
Das S, Misra RC, Mahapatra AK, Gantayat BP, Pattnaik RK (2010) Genetic variability, character association and path analysis in Jatropha Curcas. Am Eurasian J Sustain Agric 4:147–151
Duran C, Appleby N, Edwards D, Jacqueline B (2009) Molecular genetic markers: discovery, applications, data storage and visualisation. Curr Bioinform 4:16–27
Gorgieva B, Karov BI, Mitrev S, Ruzdik NM, Kostadinovska E, Kovacevik B (2015) Correlation and path analysis in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Hellia Int Sci Jour 38:1018–1806
Hegay S, Geleta M, Bryngelsson T, Asanaliev A, Garkava Gustavsson L, Hovmalm HP, Ortiz R (2014) Genetic diversity analysis in Phaseolus vulgaris L. using morphological traits. Genet Resour Crop Evol 61:555–566
Holland JB, Nyqueist WE, Cervantes Martinez CT (2002) Estimation and interpreting heritability for plant breeding: an update. Plant Breed 22:9–12
Johnson HW, Robinson HF, Comstooc RE (1955) Estimates of genetic and environmental variability in soybeans. Agron J 47:314–318
Kaushik N, Kumar K, Kumar S, Kaushik N, Roy S (2007) Genetic variability and divergence studies in seed traits and oil content of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) accessions. Biomass Bioenerg 31:497–502
Mahalanobis PC (1936) On the generalized distance in statistics. Proc Nat Inst Sci Ind 2:49–55
Panse VG, Sukhatme PV (1985) Statistical methods for agricultural workers indian council of agricultural research, New Delhi, 2nd ed., p 381
Patel U, Kulkarni M, Undale V, Bhosale A (2009) Evaluation of diuretic activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of Lepidium sativum (Cruciferae) in rats. Trop J Pharm Res 8:215–219
Prakash MO, Vijay B (2017) Principal component and cluster analysis of indigenous tomato genotypes based on morphological indicators. Res J Biotechnol 12:50–58
Rao CR (1952) Advanced statistical methods in biometrical research. Wiley, New York, p 45
Rao GR, Korwar GR, Shanker AK, Ramakrishna (2008) Genetic associations, variability and diversity in seed characters, growth, reproductive phenology and yield in Jatropha curcas (L.) accessions. Trees 22:697–709
Sabaghnia N, Dehghani H, Alizadeh B, Mohghaddam M (2010) Interrelationships between seed yield and 20 related traits of 49 canola (Brassica napus L.) genotypes in non-stressed and water-stressed environments. Span J Agric Res 8:356–370
Sabaghnia N, Ahadnezhad A, Janmohammdi M (2015) Genetic variation in garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) germplasm as assessed by some morphological traits. Genet Resour Crop Evol 62:733–745
Sharma J, Joshi A, Dodiya NS, Jain P, Rajoriya SK, Rajamani G, Jain D (2015) Assessment of genetic diversity in Lepidium Sativum L. (Chandrasur) genotypes using morphological and molecular markers. J Cell Tissue Res 15:4783–4790
Singh RK, Chaudhary BD (1985) Biometrical methods in quantitative genetic analysis. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, India
Singh R, Pandey RM, Singh B (2013) Genetic association, divergence and variability studies for seed yield and oil content and its contributing traits in Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.). J Med Plant Res 7:1931–1939
Sneath PH, Sokal RR (1973) Numerical taxonomy. The principles and practice of numerical classification. Numerical taxonomy, United States of America, p 573
Souza E, Sorrells ME (1991) Relationships among 70 North American oat germplasms. I. Cluster analysis using quantitative characters. Crop Sci 31:599–605
Szamosi C, Solmaz I, Sari N, Bársony C (2010) Morphological evaluation and comparison of Hungarian and Turkish melon (Cucumis melo L.) germplasm. Sci Hortic 124:170–182
Temesgen B, Mebeaselassie A, Million E (2013) Genetic divergence analysis of garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.). J Plant Breed Crop Sci 5:770–774
Trimech R, Zaouali Y, Boulila A, Chabchoub L, Ghezal I, Boussaid M (2013) Genetic variation in Tunisian melon (Cucumis melo L.) germplasm as assessed by morphological traits. Genet Resour Crop Evol 60:1621–1628
Acknowledgement
The authors would like to thank the Director, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow for the support and facilities to conduct the present experiment. VK thanks to University Grant Commission (UGC), New Delhi for financial support in the form of JRF/SRF.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kumar, V., Lade, S. & Yadav, H.K. Evaluation of genetic diversity in Lepidium sativum L. germplasm based on multivariate analysis. Genet Resour Crop Evol 68, 809–820 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-020-01024-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-020-01024-0