Abstract
The present investigation was undertaken on C. viscosa, a lesser known taxon of economic importance, for its morphological characterization. A continuum of morphological variation in this herbaceous weedy taxon was found across district Jammu. The plants differed in their average life span and phenological events (germination, vegetative, reproductive and senescence). A critical analysis further reflected colossal variation in their overall appearance like growth pattern, branching habit, leaf and floral density. Taking these features into consideration the plants were differentiated into four phenotypic classes/groups. Two groups included branched plants with dense foliage and greater flowering intensity while the other two categories clubbed medium to short statured unbranched plants with low intensity of flowering. These were accordingly named big branched, small branched, unbranched and small and abbreviated respectively as Bbm, Sbm, Ubm and Sm. Differences manifested in various agro-economical traits of vegetative and reproductive nature and in biomass allocation patterning. Data were quantified and values of diversity indices and co-efficients of variances calculated. Despite overlaps in few characters, significant variability was encountered in all the morphological traits among the four groups. Results of statistical analysis, PCV, GCV and broad sense heritability provide evidence in favour of this variation.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Allard RW (2010) Principles of plant breeding, 2nd edn. Wiley India Pvt. Limited, Bengaluru
Anonymous (1950) The wealth of India (Raw materials), vol 2C. CSIR, New Delhi, p 231
Badyaev AV (2009) Evolutionary significance of phenotypic accommodation in novel environments: an empirical test of the Baldwin effect. Philos Trans R Soc B 364:1125–1141
Carvalho MA, Queensberry KH (2009) Morphological characterization of the USA Arachis pintoi Krap. and Greg. Collection. Plant Syst Evol 277:1–11
Grime JP (1977) Evidence for the existence of three primary strategies in plants and its relevance to ecological and evolutionary theory. Am Nat 111:1169–1194
K’Opondo FB (2011) Morphological characterization of selected spiderplant (Cleome gynandra L.) types from western Kenya. Ann Biol Res 2(2):54–64
K’Opondo FB, Van Rheene HA, Muasya R (2009) Assessment of genetic variation of selected spider plant (Cleome gynandra L.) morphotypes from Western Kenya. Afr J Biotechnol 8:4325–4332
Kaul V (1998) Resource allocation in relation to floral structure and breeding system in some members of Commelinaceae. Ph.D Thesis, University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Kaul V, Saroop S (2015) Techniques involved in reproductive biology-never insights and future perspectives (chapter 5). In: Kapoor R, Koul M, Kaur I (eds) Plant reproductive biology and conservation. Festschrift Volume in honour of Professor A.K. Bhatnagar by IK International Publishing House, New Delhi, pp 110–140
Kiebre Z, Bationo P, Sawadogo N, Sawadogo M, Zongo JD (2015) Selection of phenotypic interests for the cultivation of the plant Cleome gynandra L. in the vegetable gardens in Burkina faso. J Exp Biol Agric Sci 3(3):288–297
Kumari R, Tyagi A, Sharma V, Jain VK, Kumar S (2012) Variability in the accessions from Aravali range assessed for domestication of the Cleomaceae biodiesel plant Cleome viscosa Linn. Indian J Nat Prod Resour 3(2):246–255
Maikhuri RK, Semwal RL, Rao KS, Nautiyal S, Saxena KG (2000) Cleome viscosa, Cappariaceae: a weed or a cash crop? Econ Bot 54(2):150–154
Masuka A, Gross M, Mazarara U (2012) Morphological characterization of four selected spiderplant (C. gynandra L.) morphs from Zimbabwe and Kenya. Asian J Agric Rural Dev 2(4):646–657
Miner BG, Sultan SE, Morgan SG, Padilla DK, Relyea RA (2005) Ecological consequences of phenotypic plasticity. Trends Ecol Evol 20(12):685–692
Paredes CM, Becerra VV, Gonzalez AMI (2008) Low genetic diversity among garlic (Allium sativum L.) accessions detected using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Chil J Agric Res 68(1):3–12
Saroop S (2011) A preliminary study on seed to seed cycle of Cleome viscosa L. M.Phil. Dissertation submitted to University of Jammu, Jammu
Saroop S (2016) Studies on variability in morphological and reproductive traits in Cleome viscosa L. Ph.D. thesis submitted to University of Jammu
Saroop S, Kaul V (2011) Phenological events of Cleome viscosa L. growing in Jammu district. Int J Plant Reprod Biolgy 3(2):161–164
Saroop S, Kaul V (2015) Cleome viscosa—a promising underutilized minor crop. Genet Resour Crop Evol 62:1121–1126
Schupp EW (1995) Seed-seedling conflicts, habitat choice and patterns of plant recruitment. Am J Bot 82(3):399–409
Singh L (2013) Analysis of cytogenetic and molecular variability in Allium sativum Linn. Ph.D. thesis submitted to University of Jammu
Sokal RR, Rohlf JF (2001) Biometry—the principles and practice of statistics in biological research. Freeman and Company, New York
Waite S, Hutchings MJ (1982) Plastic energy allocation patterns in Plantago coronopus. Oikos 38:333–342
Wasonga DO (2014) Phenotypic characterization of Kenyan and South African Spider plant (Cleome gynandra L.) ecotypes. Masters thesis, Department of Science and Crop protection. Faculty of agriculture. University of Nairobi
West-Eberhard MJ (2005) Phenotypic accommodation: adaptive innovation due to developmental plasticity. J Exp Zool B 304:610–618
Wu T, Solberg SO, Yndgaard F, Chou Y (2018) Morphological patterns in a world collection of Cleome gynandra. Genet Resour Crop Evol 65(1):271–283
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Saroop, S., Kaul, V. Phenotypic variability in Cleome viscosa L. growing in Jammu region (J&K): some interesting insights in this prospective crop. Genet Resour Crop Evol 67, 59–71 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-019-00844-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-019-00844-z