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Genetic diversity analysis of Tibetan turnip(Brassica rapa L. ssp. rapifera Matzg) revealed by morphological, physiological, and molecular marker

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Abstract

Turnip of the Brassica genus is a traditional crop that is widely cultivated in farming and farming-pastoral regions in Tibet. It is mostly utilized as animal fodder and vegetable around the Tibetan plateau. Given their high altitudes and variable climate types, different regions of Tibet plateau are home to a rich diversity of turnip. A mass of studies related to genetic diversity of highland crops have been carried out in recent years. However, the genetic diversity of Tibetan turnip remains to be elucidated to date. In this study, we performed morphological investigation and simple sequence repeat analysis, to characterize the genetic diversity and population structure of Tibetan turnips. Then, we explored the physiological response of seedlings under low-temperature stress. We also performed a field experiment, to identify clubroot-resistant cultivars. Results showed significant differences in phenotypic traits among different sources of 25 Tibetan turnip accessions. The genetic similarity dendrogram showed that the genetic distance in the 25 accessions was between 0.61 and 0.77. When the similarity coefficient is between 0.644 and 0.646, they can be divided into three subgroups, and they presented a certain relationship between geographical origin and its genetic distance. The central diffusion location suggests that the genetic diversity and population structure of these Tibetan turnip accessions are consistent with their geographical origin. In addition, the potential clubroot resistance accession is 156-13, and the chilling resistance accessions are 156-8 and 156-10. These results suggest the Tibetan turnip is a valuable resource for the genetic analysis and breeding of new clubroot-resistant cultivars.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully thank those students in College of Plant Science, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University for collecting the seeds of turnips from the different counties in Tibet. This work was partially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31460521), the Breeding Project of the Sci-tech Foundation of Zhejiang Province (2016C02051-6-1), the Project of SRTP in Zhejiang University (2018R401080), the Project of Sci-tech Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BE2018310), and the Project of Application on Public Welfare Technology in Zhejiang Province (LGN18C150003). The authors thank Dr. Zhenning Liu for his critical reading the manuscript, also thank the anonymous reviewers for their critical comments and suggestions on manuscript revision.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People’s Republic of China

    Yingying Gao, Rongrong Li, Kun Zhao, Kaiwen Liu & Xiaolin Yu

  2. College of Plant Science, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi, 860000, People’s Republic of China

    Wenfeng Gong, Lei Zhang, Yanlin Zhang, Yongbin Gao, Jie Lang & Xiaolin Yu

  3. Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth and Quality Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310058, People’s Republic of China

    Yingying Gao, Rongrong Li, Kun Zhao, Kaiwen Liu & Xiaolin Yu

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  1. Yingying Gao
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Contributions

XY and WG proposed and designed the research. YG, LZ, YZ and YG performed the experiments. YG, RL, JL, KL and KZ performed the statistical analyses, interpretation of experimental results. YG and XY wrote the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Xiaolin Yu.

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10722_2019_824_MOESM1_ESM.jpg

Figure S1. Results of malondialdehyde content under the different low-temperatures stresses (5 °C, 15 °C, and 25 °C). Bands in blue, orange, and green present 5 °C, 15 °C, and 25 °C respectively. Error bar represent standard error (three repetitions) (JPEG 894 kb)

10722_2019_824_MOESM2_ESM.jpg

Figure S2. Results of soluble sugar content under different low-temperatures stress (5 °C, 15 °C and 25 °C). Bands in blue, orange, and green present 5 °C, 15 °C, and 25 °C respectively. Error bar represent standard error (three repetitions). (JPEG 905 kb)

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Gao, Y., Gong, W., Li, R. et al. Genetic diversity analysis of Tibetan turnip(Brassica rapa L. ssp. rapifera Matzg) revealed by morphological, physiological, and molecular marker. Genet Resour Crop Evol 67, 209–223 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-019-00824-3

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