Abstract
Variability study of agro-morphological characteristics is important for varietal improvement and plant breeding program. For this, 148 chili pepper landraces (Capsicum annuum L.) collected from Northern Benin were characterized using 39 (21 qualitative and 18 quantitative) morphological characters. The trial was conducted in a Fisher block design with 3 replicates at the experimental station of the Faculty of Science and Technology (FAST) of Dassa based in Central Benin. The results revealed considerable morphological variability between landraces. Twenty nine (16 quantitative and 13 qualitative) variables among the 39 examined were discriminatory and group the landraces into 4 classes when considering the qualitative variables. With quantitative variables, 9 groups were obtained. The correlations between the studied quantitative variables show that the yield parameters are correlated with the variables related to the vegetative part of the plant. This study will help breeders to better select their parents for crossing in order to produce desirable and high yielding varieties.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adoukonou-Sagbadja H, Dansi A, Vodouhe R, Akpagana K (2006) Indigenous knowledge and traditional conservation of Fonio millet (Digitaria exilis Stapf, Digitaria iburua Stapf) in Togo. Biodivers Conserv 15:2379–2395
Akoègninou A, Van der Burg WJ, Van der Maesen LJG (2006) Flore Analytique du Bénin. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden
Berke TG, Shieh SC (2001) Capsicum, chillies, paprika, bird’s eye chilli. In: Peter KV (ed) Handbook of herbs and spices. Wood Head Publishing Ltd., Cambridge, pp 111–122
Bhadragoudar MR, Patil CG (2011) Assessment of genetic diversity among Capsicum annuum L. genotypes using RAPD markers. AJB 10(76):17477–17483
Bonny S (2011) L’agriculture écologiquement intensive: nature et défis. Cah agric 20(6):451–462
da Costa FR, Pereira TNS, Vitoria AP, de Campos KP, Rodrigues R, da Silva DH, Pereira MG (2006) Genetic diversity among Capsicum accessions using RAPD markers. CBAB 6:18–23
Dagnoko S, Yaro-Diarisso N, Sanogo PN, Adetula O, Dolo-Nantoumé A, Gamby-Touré K, Traoré-Théra A, Katilé S, Diallo-Ba D (2013) Overview of pepper (Capsicum spp.) breeding in West Africa. Afr J Agric Res 8(13):1108–1114
Dansi A, Dantsey-Barry H, Dossou-Aminon I, N’Kpenu EK, Agré A, Sunu YD, Kombaté K, Loko YL, Dansi M, Assogba P, Vodouhè R (2013) Varietal diversity and genetic erosion of cultivated yams (Dioscorea cayenensis Poir. - D. rotundata Lam. complex and D. alata L.) in Togo. Int J Biodivers Conserv 5:223–239
El-Ghoraba AH, Javedb Q, Anjumb FM, Hamedc SF, Shaabana HA (2013) Pakistani Bell Pepper (Capsicum annum L.): chemical compositions and its antioxidant activity. Int J Food Prop 16(1):18–32
FAO (2012) FAOSTAT Database. Food and Agriculture Organization, Roma, Italy. www.fao.org
Fonseca RM, Lopes R, Barros WS, Lopes MTG, Ferreira FM (2008) Morphologic characterization and genetic diversity of Capsicum chinense Jacq. accessions along the upper Rio Negro-Amazonas. CBAB 8:187–194
Gomez-Guillamon ML, Cuartero J (1987) Inheritance of vegetative characters in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Agron EDP Sci 7(4):271–277
Grubben GJH, El Tahir IM (2004) Capsicum annuum L. In: Grubben GJH, Denton OA (eds) PROTA 2: vegetables/Légumes. [CD-Rom]. Wageningen, PROTA
Hasan MJ, Kulsum MU, Ullah MZ, Hossain MM, Mahmud ME (2014) Genetic diversity of some chili (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes. Int J Agric Res Innov Technol 4(1):32–35
Hosamani R, Shivkumar M (2008) Correlation and path analysis in chilli. Ind J Hortic 65:349–352
Kamvorna W, Techawongstiena S, Techawongstiena S, Theerakulpisut P (2014) Compatibility of inter-specific crosses between Capsicum chinense Jacq. and Capsicum baccatum L. at different fertilization stages. Sci Hortic 179:9–15
Karungi J, Obua T, Kyamanywa S, Mortensen CN, Erbaugh M (2013) Seedling protection and field practices for management of insect vectors and viral diseases of hot pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) in Uganda. Int J Pest Manag 59:103–110
Lahbib K, Bnejdi F, Gazzah El (2010) Genetic diversity evaluation of pepper in Tunisia based on morphologic characters. Afr J Agric Res 7(23):3413–3417
Lahbib K, Bnejdi F, El Gazzah (2013) Selection of pepper parent from a collection of Capsicum annuum landraces based on genetic diversity. J Plant Breed Crop Sci 5(5):68–72
Lithner D (2011) Environmental and health hazards of chemicals in plastic polymers and products. Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Gothenburg, Sweden. ISBN: 978-91-85529-46-9. Summarizing chapter for thesis available at: http://hdl.handle.net/2077/24978
Madosa E, Sasu L, Ciulca S, Velicevici G, Ciulca EA, Avadanei C (2010) Possibility of use of Romanian Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. grossum) local landraces in breeding process. Not Bot Hort Agrobot Cluj 38(2):56–60
Orobiyi A, Dansi A, Assogba P, Loko LY, Dansi M, Vodouhè R, Akouègninou A, Sanni A (2013) Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) in southern Benin: production constraints, varietal diversity, preference criteria and participatory evaluation. IRJAS 3(4):107–120
Orobiyi A, Loko YL, Adjatin A, Sanoussi F, Gbaguidi A, Dansi A, Sanni A (2015) Horticultural practices and varietal diversity of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in Central and Northern Benin. Genet Resour Crop Evol 64(2):419–436
Pasudesai M, Bendale V, Bhave S, Sawant S, Desai S (2006) Association analysis for fruit yield and its components in chilli. Crop Res 31:291–294
Pickersgill B (1997) Genetic resources and breeding of Capsicum spp. Euphytica 96:129–133
Rodriguez Y, Depestre T, Gomez O (2008) Efficiency of selection in pepper lines (Capsicum annuum), from four sub-populations, in characters of productive interest. Cien Inv Agr 35(1):29–40
Rohlf FJ (2000) NTSYS-pc version 2.2: numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system. Exeter Software, New York
Sasu L, Madosa E, Velicevici G, Ciulca S, Avadanei C, Gorinoiu G (2013) Studies regarding correlations between the main morphological traits in a collection of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum var. grossum) local landraces. JHFB 17(2):285–289
Segnou J, Akoa A, Youmbi E (2012) Viabilité et développement végétatif des plantules de piment (Capsicum annuum L.) suivant différents matériels de conditionnement des semences. Tropicultura 30(1):15–23
Segnou J, Amougou A, Youmbi E, Njoya J (2013) Effect of Chemical treatments on pests and diseases of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). GJAS 3(1):12–20
The International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (1995) Descriptors for Capsicum (Capsicum spp.). International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, p 54
Yatung T, Dubey RK, Singh V, Upadhyay G (2014) Genetic diversity of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes of India based on morpho-chemical traits. AJCS 8(1):97–102
Yumnam JS, Tyagi W, Pandey A, Meetei NT, Rai M (2012) Evaluation of genetic diversity of chilli landraces from North Eastern India based on morphology, SSR markers and the Pun1 Locus. Plant Mol Biol Rep 30(6):1470–1479
Acknowledgements
This study was financed by Ministry for Higher education and Scientific Research (Benin Republic). We thank Doctors Gustave DJEDATIN, Eben-ezer EWEDJE for theirs contributions. We thank the technician of the BIORAVE laboratory, Mr AKODJI Philippe for its technical support during the implementation of the. We are grateful to all farmers and agricultural technicians visited during the germplasm collection survey.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Orobiyi, A., Loko, L.Y., Sanoussi, F. et al. Agro-morphological characterization of chili pepper landraces (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivated in Northern Benin. Genet Resour Crop Evol 65, 555–569 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-017-0553-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-017-0553-x