Morphological and reproductive characterization of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) genetic resources regenerated in Georgia, USA

Abstract

Guar, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba is used worldwide for food stabilization, fiber source, food, and industry. The United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit (USDA, ARS, PGRCU) conserves 1,298 accessions originating from India, Pakistan, and breeding lines from the USA. My objectives were to determine: (1) if these guar accessions can successfully be regenerated in Georgia, USA, (2) which traits contribute the most variation, and (3) to provide estimates for genetic relatedness among these accessions. Guar accessions were directly seeded to the field in Griffin, GA between early May and mid June 2006–2008. At 50% maturity, 73 accessions were characterized for morphological, phenological, and reproductive traits during the regeneration cycles. High quality plants regenerated from most of the accessions and produced 80 to more than 9,300 seeds per accession. Guar can be successfully grown and regenerated in Griffin, GA. Coefficients of variation and principal component analysis revealed variability among accessions for these traits evaluated. Cluster analysis separated guar accessions into three groups (clusters) based on low, intermediate or high seed numbers. Guar accessions clustered in groups 2 and 3 appear to be more genetically related than those in group 1.