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Structural characterization and biological activity of an α-glucan from the mollusk Marcia hiantina (Lamarck, 1818)

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Abstract

Marcia hiantina (Mollusca, Bivalvia) (Lamarck, 1818), is an edible clam mainly distributed along the tropical coastal regions. Recent researches have demonstrated that clams can possess compounds, including polysaccharides, with a wide range of biological actions including antioxidant, immunomodulatory and antitumor activities. Here an α-glucan was isolated from M. hiantina by hot water, purified by anion exchange chromatography, and its structure was characterized by a combination of multiple nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods (1D 1H, 1H-1H COSY, 1H-1H TOCSY, 1H-1H NOESY, 1H-13C HSQC and 1H-13C HSQC-NOESY spectra), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and high performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC). The analysis from NMR, monosaccharide composition, methylation analyses and HPSEC combined with multi-angle light scattering (MALS) of M. hiantina-derived α-glycan confirmed a branched polysaccharide exclusively composed of glucose (Glc), mostly 4-linked in its backbone, branched occasionally at 6-positions, and having a molecular weight of ~ 570 kDa. The mollusk α-glucan was subjected to four cell-based assays: (i) viability of three cell lines (RAW264.7, HaCaT, and HT-29), (ii) activity on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced prostaglandin production in RAW264.7 cells, (iii) inhibitory activities of in H2O2- and LPS-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in HMC3 cells, and (iv) HaCaT cell proliferation. Results have indicated no cytotoxicity, potent inhibition of both H2O2- and LPS-induced ROS, and potent cell proliferative activity.

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Data Availability

The data underlying this article will be shared on reasonable request to the corresponding author.

Abbreviations

δC :

carbon chemical shift

δH :

proton chemical shift

AEC:

anion exchange chromatography

COSY:

correlation spectroscopy

DMEM:

Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium

EMEM:

Eagle minimum essential medium

FBS:

fetal bovine serum

GC:

gas chromatography

HPSEC:

high performance size exclusion chromatography

HSQC:

heteronuclear single-quantum coherence

LPS:

lipopolysaccharide

MW:

molecular weight

NMR:

nuclear magnetic resonance

NOESY:

nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy

MALS:

multi-angle light scattering

Mh-P1:

fraction 1 derived from M. hiantina crude polysaccharide

Mh-P2:

fraction 2 derived from M. hiantina crude polysaccharide

MS:

mass spectrometry

PMAA:

partially methylated alditol acetate

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

SEC:

size exclusion chromatography

TOCSY:

total correlation spectroscopy

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Funding

This work was supported by funds from the National Institutes of Health [1P20GM130460-01A1-7936 (VHP, and JSS), 1R03NS110996-01A1 (VHP and JSS), and R01 DA052851 (JJP)], the University of Mississippi (VHP). The linkage and monosaccharide analyses were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, grant number DE-SC0015662 to Parastoo Azadi at the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center. Bernadeth F. Ticar acknowledges the CHED DARE TO (Commission on Higher Education Discovery-Applied Research and Extension for Trans-interdisciplinary Opportunities) research grant for the K to 12 Transition Program of the Philippines for providing the research funds for Iloilo Science and Technology University, Iloilo City, Iloilo, Philippines. Sunmarine Biotech Co. Ltd., commissioned by Bernadeth F. Ticar, is properly acknowledged for some of the biological analyses. The content of the information does not necessarily reflect the position, or the policy of the sponsors and no official endorsement should be inferred.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Mississippi, MS, USA

    Hoda Al. Ahmed, Fakhri Mahdi, Anter A. Shami, Sandeep K. Misra, Jason J. Paris, Joshua S. Sharp & Vitor H. Pomin

  2. Natural Science Department, College of Arts and Sciences, Iloilo Science and Technology University, Iloilo, Philippines

    Bernadeth F. Ticar

  3. Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA

    Ian Black, Christian Heiss & Parastoo Azadi

  4. Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Mississippi, MS, USA

    Joshua S. Sharp & Vitor H. Pomin

  5. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA

    Joshua S. Sharp

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  1. Hoda Al. Ahmed
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Correspondence to Vitor H. Pomin.

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Ahmed, H.A., Ticar, B.F., Black, I. et al. Structural characterization and biological activity of an α-glucan from the mollusk Marcia hiantina (Lamarck, 1818). Glycoconj J 40, 33–46 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10719-022-10092-6

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