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Immunochemical characterization of synthetic hexa-, octa- and decasaccharide conjugate vaccines for Vibrio cholerae O:1 Serotype Ogawa with emphasis on antigenic density and chain length

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Abstract

Cholera remains to be a global health problem without suitable vaccines for endemic control or outbreak relief. Here we describe a new parenteral vaccine based on neoglyco-conjugate of synthetic fragments of O-specific polysaccharide (O-SP) of Vibrio cholerae O1, serotype Ogawa. Hexa-, octa- and decasaccharides of the O-SP with carboxylic acid at the reducing end were chemically synthesized and conjugated to tetanus toxoid (TT). The conjugates prepared by a novel linking scheme consisted of 17-atom linker of hydrazide and alkyl bonds elicited robust serum IgG anti-LPS responses with vibriocidal activities in mice. There is a length dependence in immune response with decasaccharide conjugates elicited the highest anti-LPS IgG. There seems to be an indication that regardless of the carbohydrate chain length, a molar ratio of 230 ± 10 monosaccharide units per TT induced high antibody response. The conjugates also elicited cross-reactive antibodies to serotype Inaba. The formulation of the proposed cholera conjugate vaccine, similar to other licensed polysaccharide vaccine, is suitable for children immunization. A parenteral cholera vaccine could overcome the diminishing immunogenicity in most of oral vaccines due to the gastrointestinal complexity and environmental enteropathy in children living in impoverished environment and could be considered for global cholera immunization.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Drs. Nancy Vieira, Bruce Coxon, Jianping Li and Joanna Kubler-Kielb for to their helps in spectrum analysis and to Drs. John B. Robbins for helpful discussions.

Funding and disclosure

This work was supported fully by the Intramural Research at the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health. The authors have no conflict interest to disclose.

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    Peter Ftacek, Victor Nelson & Shousun C. Szu

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Ftacek, P., Nelson, V. & Szu, S.C. Immunochemical characterization of synthetic hexa-, octa- and decasaccharide conjugate vaccines for Vibrio cholerae O:1 Serotype Ogawa with emphasis on antigenic density and chain length. Glycoconj J 30, 871–880 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10719-013-9491-9

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