Skip to main content
Log in

Almost Birkhoff theorem in general relativity

  • Research Article
  • Published:
General Relativity and Gravitation Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We extend Birkhoff’s theorem for almost LRS-II vacuum spacetimes to show that the rigidity of spherical vacuum solutions of Einstein’s field equations continues even in the perturbed scenario.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Birkhoff G.D.: Relativity and Modern Physics. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA (1923)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Hawking, S.W., Ellis, G.F.R.: The Large Scale Structure of Spacetime. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1973) Appendix B

  3. Stoeger W., Maartens R., Ellis G.F.R.: Proving almost-homogeneity of the universe: an almost-Ehlers, Geren and Sachs theorem. Ap. J. 443, 1–5 (1995)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. Ehlers J., Geren P., Sachs R.K.: Isotropic solutions of Einstein-Liouville equations. J. Math. Phys. 9, 1344 (1968)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. Bondi H.: Spherically symmetric models in general relativity. Mon. Not. Roy. Astr. Soc. 107, 410 (1947)

    MathSciNet  ADS  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. D’Inverno, R.: Introducing Einstein’s Relativity. Clarendon Press, Oxford (1992) Section 18.1

  7. Faraoni, V.: Cosmology in Scalar-Tensor Gravity. Fundamental Theories of Physics, Springer, Berlin (2004)

  8. Clarkson C.A., Barrett R.K.: Class. Quantum Gravity 20, 3855 (2003) [gr-qc/0209051]

    Article  MathSciNet  ADS  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Clarkson C.: Phys. Rev. D 76, 104034 (2007) [arXiv:0708.1398(gr-qc)]

    Article  MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. Ehlers, J.: Abh. Mainz Akad. Wiss. u. Litt. (Math. Nat. kl) 11, (1961)

  11. Ellis, G.F.R.: General relativity and cosmology. In: Sachs, R.K. (ed.) Proceedings of XLVII Enrico Fermi Summer School, New York Academic Press, New York (1971)

  12. Ellis, G.F.R., van Elst, H.: Cosmological models (Cargèse lectures 1998). In: Lachièze-Rey, M. (ed.) Theoretical and Observational Cosmology, p. 1. Kluwer, Dordrecht (1999)

  13. Ellis G.F.R.: The dynamics of pressure-free matter in general relativity. J. Math. Phys. 8, 1171–1194 (1967)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. van Elst H., Ellis G.F.R.: Class. Quantum Gravity 13, 1099 (1996) [gr-qc/9510044]

    Article  ADS  MATH  Google Scholar 

  15. Betschart G., Clarkson C.A.: Class. Quantum Gravity 21, 5587 (2005)

    Article  MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. Frolov V.P., Shoom A.A.: Phys. Rev. D 76, 064037 (2007) [arXiv:0705.1570 (gr-qc)]

    Article  MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. Vishveshwara C.V.: Stability of the Schwarzschild metric. Phys. Rev. D 1, 2870–2879 (1970)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. Chandrasekhar S.: On the equations governing the perturbations of the Schwarzschild black hole. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 343, 289 (1975)

    Article  MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. Ellis G.F.R., Uzan J.-P., Larena J.: A two-mass expanding exact space time solution. Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 43, 191–205 (2010) [arXiv:1005.1809]

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rituparno Goswami.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Goswami, R., Ellis, G.F.R. Almost Birkhoff theorem in general relativity. Gen Relativ Gravit 43, 2157–2170 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10714-011-1172-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10714-011-1172-z

Keywords

Navigation