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Differentiating sibling species of Zeugodacus caudatus (Insecta: Tephritidae) by complete mitochondrial genome

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Abstract

Zeugodacus caudatus is a pest of pumpkin flowers. It has a Palearctic and Oriental distribution. We report here the complete mitochondrial genome of the Malaysian and Indonesian samples of Z. caudatus determined by next-generation sequencing of genomic DNA and determine their taxonomic status as sibling species and phylogeny with other taxa of the genus Zeugodacus. The whole mitogenome of both samples possessed 37 genes (13 protein-coding genes—PCGs, 2 rRNA and 22 tRNA genes) and a control region. The mitogenome of the Indonesian sample (15,885 bp) was longer than that of the Malaysian sample (15,866 bp). In both samples, TΨC-loop was absent in trnF and DHU-loop was absent in trnS1. Molecular phylogeny based on 13 PCGs was concordant with 15 mitochondrial genes (13 PCGs and 2 rRNA genes), with the two samples of Z. caudatus forming a sister group and the genus Zeugodacus was monophyletic. The Malaysian and Indonesian samples of Z. caudatus have a genetic distance of p = 7.8 % based on 13 PCGs and p = 7.0 % based on 15 mitochondrial genes, indicating status of sibling species. They are proposed to be accorded specific status as members of a species complex.

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Acknowledgments

We thank our institutions for providing various research facilities and other support. This study was funded in part by Ministry of Higher Education High Impact Research Grant (H-50001-00-A000025) and the University of Malaya (H-5620009).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Hoi-Sen Yong

  2. Chancellory High Impact Research, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Hoi-Sen Yong & Sze-Looi Song

  3. Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Phaik-Eem Lim

  4. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

    Praphathip Eamsobhana

  5. Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Mataram University, Mataram, Indonesia

    I. Wayan Suana

Authors
  1. Hoi-Sen Yong
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  2. Sze-Looi Song
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  3. Phaik-Eem Lim
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  4. Praphathip Eamsobhana
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  5. I. Wayan Suana
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sze-Looi Song.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethics statement

Zeugodacus caudatus is an insect pest of the flowers of Cucurbitaceae. It is not endangered or protected by law. No permits are required to study this fruit fly.

Additional information

Accession Code: The whole mitochondrial genome sequence of the Malaysian and Indonesian samples of Z. caudatus are available in GenBank database (accession number: KT625491 and KT625492).

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Yong, HS., Song, SL., Lim, PE. et al. Differentiating sibling species of Zeugodacus caudatus (Insecta: Tephritidae) by complete mitochondrial genome. Genetica 144, 513–521 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-016-9919-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-016-9919-9

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