Abstract
Hybridization is common among freshwater fishes, particular among the Cyprinidae. We used two mitochondrial genes and one nuclear gene to characterize hybridization among two species pairs of Cyprinella in southwestern North America. Genalogical patterns revealed that C. lutrensis and C. venusta are currently hybridizing in several localities producing apparent F1, F2 and backcross generations, yet there was no evidence for introgression outside of local hybrid zones. Alternatively, mitochondrial haplotypes from C. lutrensis appear to have introgressed into a C. lepida population in the Nueces River completely replacing the native C. lepida haplotype. There was no evidence of introgression of nuclear DNA and there does not appear to be ongoing hybridization. The population of C. lepida from the nearby Frio River exhibits no evidence of hybridization with C. lutrensis. Thus, contact between C. lutrensis and C. venusta results in the formation of localized hybrid swarms, while contact between C. lutrensis and C. lepida has resulted in complete mitochondrial introgression in the Nueces River or no apparent hybridization in the Frio River. The three different outcomes of contact between these species illustrate the variable nature of interspecific reproductive interactions and provide an excellent system in which to better understand the factors influencing hybridization among freshwater fishes.
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Acknowledgments
R.E.B. wishes to thank Richard G. Harrison for excellent advice and inspiration. We thank E. Marsh-Matthews, W. Matthews and P. Reneau for assistance collecting or providing specimens. All specimens were collected under the relevant permits granted by the states of Texas and Oklahoma. We thank E. Marsh-Matthews, W. Matthews, J. Gold and L. Richardson for insightful discussions about southwestern Cyprinella. The work benefited from Undergraduate Research Opportunity awards from the University of Oklahoma Honors College (to K.C.V. and L.L.R.) and award DEB-0732988 from the National Science Foundation (to R.E.B.).
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Broughton, R.E., Vedala, K.C., Crowl, T.M. et al. Current and historical hybridization with differential introgression among three species of cyprinid fishes (genus Cyprinella). Genetica 139, 699–707 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-011-9578-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-011-9578-9