Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Back to the future: genetic correlations, adaptation and speciation

  • Published:
Genetica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Genetic correlations can affect the course of phenotypic evolution. Although genetic correlations among traits are a common feature of quantitative genetic analyses, they have played a very minor role in recent linkage-map based analyses of the genetic architecture of quantitative traits. Here, we use our work on host-associated races in pea aphids to illustrate how quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping can be used to test specific hypotheses about how genetic correlations may facilitate ecological specialization and speciation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • A.A. Agrawal (2000) ArticleTitleHost range evolution: adaptation and tradeoffs in fitness of mites on alternative hosts Ecology 81 500–508

    Google Scholar 

  • C.J. Basten B.S. Weir Z.-B. Zeng (1996) QTL Cartographer (Ver 1.13) Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC

    Google Scholar 

  • H.D. Bradshaw SuffixJr. S.M. Wilbert K.G. Otto D.W. Schemske (1995) ArticleTitleGenetic mapping of floral traits associated with reproductive isolation in monkey flowers (Mimulus) Nature 376 762–765 Occurrence Handle10.1038/376762a0 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXnvFChs7g%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • C.M. Caillaud S. Via (2000) ArticleTitleSpecialized feeding behavior influences both ecological specializtion and assortative mating in sympatric host races of pea aphids Am. Nat. 156 609–621

    Google Scholar 

  • J.K. Conner (2002) ArticleTitleGenetic mechanisms of floral trait correlations in a natural population Nature 420 407–410 Occurrence Handle12459781 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XptFCisr0%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • S.R. Diehl G.L. Bush (1989) The role of habitat preference in adaptation and speciation D. Otte J.A. Endler (Eds) Speciation and its Consequences Sinauer Associates Sunderland, MA 678

    Google Scholar 

  • V.F. Eastop (1973) ArticleTitleKeys for the identification of Acyrthosiphon (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Bull. Br. Mus. Nat. Hist. B. Entomol. 26 1–115

    Google Scholar 

  • S.A. Eberhart W.A. Russell (1966) ArticleTitleStability parameters for comparing varieties Crop Sci. 6 36–40 Occurrence Handle10.2135/cropsci1966.0011183X000600010011x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • D.S. Falconer (1952) ArticleTitleThe problem of environment and selection Am. Nat. 86 293–298

    Google Scholar 

  • D.S. Falconer T.F.C. Mackay (1996) Introduction to Quantitative Genetics EditionNumber4 Longman Sci. and Tech Harlow, UK

    Google Scholar 

  • J.D. Fry (1996) ArticleTitleThe evolution of host specialization, are trade-offs overrated? Am. Nat. 148 S84–S107

    Google Scholar 

  • J.D. Fry S.L. Heinsohn T.F.C. Mackay (1996) ArticleTitleThe contribution of new mutations to genotype–environment interaction for fitness in Drosophila melanogaster Evolution 50 2316–2327

    Google Scholar 

  • D.J. Futuyma G. Moreno (1988) ArticleTitleThe evolution of ecological specialization Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 19 201–233

    Google Scholar 

  • D.J. Hawthorne S. Via (2001) ArticleTitleGenetic linkage facilitates ecological specialization and reproductive isolation in pea aphids Nature 412 904–907 Occurrence Handle11528477 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3Mvos1Witw%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • C.R. Henderson (1963) Selection index and the expected genetic advance W.D Hanson H.F. Robinson (Eds) Statistical Genetics and Plant Breeding Natl. Acad. Sci, Natl. Res. Council Washington, DC 141–163

    Google Scholar 

  • W.G. Hill (1970) ArticleTitleDesign of experiments to estimate heritability by regression of offspring on selected parents Biometrics 26 566–571 Occurrence Handle5480666 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaE3M%2FjsFGmuw%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • W.G. Hill A. Robertson (1966) ArticleTitleThe effect of linkage on limits to artificial selection Genet. Res. 8 269–294 Occurrence Handle5980116 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaF2s3kvFyguw%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J.L. Jinks (1954) ArticleTitleThe analysis of continuous variation in a diallel of Nicotiana rustica varieties Genetics 39 767–788 Occurrence Handle17247519 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD2s%2FmsFCqtw%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O. Kempthorne (1957) An Introduction to Genetic Statistics. John Wiley & Sons NY

    Google Scholar 

  • R. Lande (1975) ArticleTitleThe maintenanace of genetic variation by mutation in a polygenic character with linked loci Genet. Res. 26 221–235 Occurrence Handle1225762 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaE287ovVKgsw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1017/S0016672300016037

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • R. Lande (1976) ArticleTitleNatural selection and random genetic drift in phenotypic evolution Evolution 30 314–334

    Google Scholar 

  • R. Lande (1979) ArticleTitleQuantitative genetic analysis of multivariate evolution, applied to brain: body allometry Evolution 33 402–416

    Google Scholar 

  • R. Lande (1980a) ArticleTitleThe genetic covariance between characters maintained by pleiotropic mutation Genetics 94 203–215 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BC3crpt1ynsQ%3D%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • R. Lande (1980b) ArticleTitleGenetic variation and phenotypic evolution during allopatric speciation Am. Nat. 116 463–479

    Google Scholar 

  • R. Lande (1980c) ArticleTitleSexual dimorphism, sexual selection, and adaptation in polygenic characters Evolution 34 292–305

    Google Scholar 

  • R. Lande (1981) ArticleTitleModels of speciation by sexual selection on polygenic traits Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78 3721–3725 Occurrence Handle16593036 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BC3cnivVKlsQ%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • R. Lande (1982) ArticleTitleA quantitative genetic theory of life history evolution Ecology 63 607–615

    Google Scholar 

  • R. Lande S.J. Arnold (1983) ArticleTitleThe measurement of selection on correlated characters Evolution 37 1210–1226

    Google Scholar 

  • B.H. Liu (1997) Statistical Genomics: Linkage Mapping and QTL Analysis CRC Press NY

    Google Scholar 

  • R.C. Littel G.A. Milliken W.W. Stroup R.D. Wolfinger (1996) SAS System for Mixed Models SAS Institute Cary, NC

    Google Scholar 

  • M. Lynch B. Walsh (1998) Genetics and Analysis of Quantitative Traits Sinauer Press Sunderland, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • K. Mather J.L. Jinks (1982) Biometrical Genetics EditionNumber3 Chapman and Hall NY

    Google Scholar 

  • A.H. Paterson (Eds) (1997) Molecular Dissection of Complex Traits CRC Press NY

    Google Scholar 

  • W.B. Provine (1971) The Origins of Theoretical Population Genetics University of Chicago Press Chicago

    Google Scholar 

  • M.D. Rausher (1988) ArticleTitleIs coevolution dead? Ecology 69 898–901

    Google Scholar 

  • W.R. Rice (1987) ArticleTitleSelection via habitat specialization, the evolution of reproductive isolation as a correlated character Evol. Ecol. 1 301–314

    Google Scholar 

  • W.R. Rice E. Hostert (1993) ArticleTitleLaboratory experiments on speciation: what have we learned in 40 years? Evolution 47 1637–1653

    Google Scholar 

  • A. Robertson (1959a) ArticleTitleExperimental design in the evaluation of genetic parameters Biometrics 15 219–226

    Google Scholar 

  • A. Robertson (1959b) ArticleTitleThe sampling variance of the genetic correlation coefficient Biometrics 15 469–485

    Google Scholar 

  • D.A. Roff (1997) Evolutionary Quantitative Genetics Chapman and Hall NY

    Google Scholar 

  • D. Schluter (1998) Ecological causes of speciation D.J. Howard S.H. Berlocher (Eds) Endless Forms: Species and Speciation Oxford University Press NY 114–129

    Google Scholar 

  • D. Schluter (2001) ArticleTitleEcology and the origin of species Trends Ecol. Evol. 16 372–380 Occurrence Handle11403870

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • R.Y. Sun A.G. Robinson (1966) ArticleTitleChromosome studies of 50 species of aphids Can. J. Zool. 44 649–653 Occurrence Handle10.1139/z66-063 Occurrence Handle5944287 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaF287ms1Cisg%3D%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • S.D. Tanksley (1993) ArticleTitleMapping polygenes Annu. Rev. Genet. 27 205–233 Occurrence Handle8122902 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXht1KitLc%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • L.D. Vleck ParticleVan C.R. Henderson (1961) ArticleTitleEmpirical sampling estimates of genetic correlations Biometrics 17 359–371

    Google Scholar 

  • Via, S., 1987. Genetic constraints on the evolution of phenotypic plasticity, pp. 47–71 in Genetic Constraints on Adaptive Evolution, edited by Volker Loeschcke. Springer-Verlag.

  • S. Via (1991) ArticleTitleThe genetic structure of host plant adaptation in a spatial patchwork: demographic variability among reciprocally transplanted pea aphid clones Evolution 45 827–852

    Google Scholar 

  • S. Via (2001) ArticleTitleSympatric speciation in animals: the ugly duckling grows up Trends Ecol. Evol. 16 381–390 Occurrence Handle11403871

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Via, S. & D.J. Hawthorne, 1998. The genetics of speciation: Promises and prospects of QTL mapping. pp. 352–366 in Endless Forms: Species and Speciation, edited by D.J. Howard & S.H. Berlocher.

  • S. Via D.J. Hawthorne (2002) ArticleTitleGenetic architecture of ecological specialization and incipient speciation in divergent races of pea aphids Am. Nat. 159(Suppl.) 576–588

    Google Scholar 

  • S. Via R. Lande (1985) ArticleTitleGenotype–environment interaction and the evolution of phenotypic plasticity Evolution 39 505–522

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA

    Sara Via

  2. Department of entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA

    Sara Via & David J. Hawthorne

Authors
  1. Sara Via
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. David J. Hawthorne
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sara Via.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Via, S., Hawthorne, D.J. Back to the future: genetic correlations, adaptation and speciation. Genetica 123, 147–156 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-004-2731-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-004-2731-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation