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Monitoring urban physical growth in tsunami-affected areas: a case study of Banda Aceh City, Indonesia

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Building back better-based urban planning is an integral part of efforts to increase urban resilience. Therefore, urban physical growth needs to be monitored to prevent built-up areas from expanding into hazard zones. This study analyzed the dynamics of urban physical growth and its driving forces in tsunami-affected areas of Banda Aceh after the 2004 tsunami. Built-up areas were extracted from Landsat images. The annual growth rate equation was used to estimate the growth characteristics in the tsunami-affected and safe areas. In-depth interviews and extensive literature reviews were also conducted to identify the determinant factors of urban redevelopment in tsunami-affected areas. Results showed that the annual growth rate was high in the areas during the disaster recovery period (2005–2009). Nevertheless, urban physical growth dominated in the safe areas during 2009–2019. The study also identified several driving forces of urban physical growth in the hazard zones: (1) population growth, (2) spatial planning, (3) distance to old city center, (4) land ownership and prices, and (5) socio-economic factors. This study provided new insights for urban planners to reduce disaster risk in urban areas.

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Source BPS Kota Banda Aceh (2010, 2020)

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Dr. Djaka Marwasta and Dr. Rini Rachmawati for their meaningful suggestions to improve this paper.

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  1. Environmental Geography Department, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

    Ikhwan Amri & Sri Rum Giyarsih

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  1. Ikhwan Amri
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  2. Sri Rum Giyarsih
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IA contributed to conceptualization, formulated the research design, coordinated the data collection, performed the analysis and interpreted the data, and drafted the manuscript. SRG participated in the research design and helped to draft the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Sri Rum Giyarsih.

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Amri, I., Giyarsih, S.R. Monitoring urban physical growth in tsunami-affected areas: a case study of Banda Aceh City, Indonesia. GeoJournal 87, 1929–1944 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-020-10362-6

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