Skip to main content
Log in

Nonlinear Regression Analysis for Side Resistance of Socketed Piles in Rock Formations of Dubai Area

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Geotechnical and Geological Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Pile capacity installed in Dubai rock formation is calculated based primarily on socket shaft resistance. During preliminary design, socket resistance is estimated by using correlations with rock strength that do not reflect the behavior of Dubai rock formations as well as construction practices. Consequently, large discrepancy is often noticed between predicted pile capacity and that determined from the results of pile load tests. In this study, a new predictive model is developed for socket shaft resistance of piles constructed in rock formations of Dubai area. Five (5) instrumented piles of different diameters and socket lengths ranging from 10 to 15 m are tested. The proposed model takes into account the compressive strength of the rock in addition to the pile movement at the top of socket to predict its side resistance. The average side resistance of the socket predicted using the proposed model compared well with the results of load transfer along the sockets of the test piles. In addition, the developed model is compared with published models from other regions to illustrate the area specific nature of correlations and factors that affect their generality are highlighted.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Akguner C, Kirkit M (2012) Axial bearing capacity of socketed single cast-in-place piles. Soils Found 52(1):59–68

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ASTM D1143-13 (2013) Standard test methods for deep foundations under static axial compressive load. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. www.astm.org

  • ASTM D4719-07 (2007) Standard test methods for prebored pressuremeter testing in soils (withdrawn 2016). ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. www.astm.org

  • ASTM D4543-08 (2008) Standard test methods for prebored pressuremeter testing in soils. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. www.astm.org

  • ASTM D7012-14 (2014) Standard test method for compressive strength and elastic moduli of intact rock core specimens under varying states of stress and temperatures. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. www.astm.org

  • Basarkar SS, Dewaikar DM (2006) Load transfer characteristics of socketed piles in Mumbai region. Soils Found 46(2):247–257

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bloomquist D, Townsend F (1991) Development of in situ equipment for capacity determination of deep foundations in Florida limestone. Report to Florida Department of Transportation, University of Florida, Gainsville

  • Bouafia A (2003) Load settlement behavior of socketed piles in sandstone. Geotech Geol Eng 21(4):389–398

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carrubba P (1997) Skin friction of large-diameter piles socketed into rock. Can Geotech J 34:230–240

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carter JP, Kulhawy FH (1987) Analysis and design of foundations socketed into rock. Res. Rep. 1493-4, Geotechnical Engineering Group, Cornell University, Itasca, New York

  • Carter JP, Kulhawy FH (1988) Analysis and design of drilled shaft foundations socketed into rock. Report el-5918. Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto

  • Horvath RG (1982) Drilled piers socketed into weak shale-methods of improving performance. PhD Dissertation, University of Toronto

  • Horvath RG, Kenney TC (1979) Shaft resistance of rock-socketed drilled piers. In: Proceedings of the symposium on deep foundation, ASCE, New York, pp 182–214

  • Horvath RG, Kenney TC, Kozicki P (1983) Methods of improving the performance of drilled piers in weak rock. Can Geotech J 20:758–772

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kulhawy FH, Phoon KK (1993) Drilled shaft side resistance in clay soil to rock. In: Proceedings of design and performance of deep foundations: piles and piers in soil and soft rock, Geotechnical. Special Publication No. 38, ASCE, New York, pp 172–183

  • Kulhawy FH, Prakoso WA, Akbas SO (2005) Evaluation of capacity of rock foundation sockets. In: G Chen et al (eds) Proceedings of the 40th U.S. Symposium on Rock Mechanics, Anchorage, Alaska, paper 05-767

  • Leung CF (1996) Case studies of rock-socketed piles. Geotechnical Engineering, Bangkok

    Google Scholar 

  • Mason RC (1960) Transmission of high loads to primary foundations by large diameter shafts. In: Proceedings of ASCE convention, ASCE, New York

  • Matich MA, Kozicki P (1967) Some load tests on drilled cast-in-place concrete caissons. Can Geotech J 4:367–375

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McVay MC, Townsend FC, Williams RC (1992) Design of socketed drilled shafts in limestone. J Geotech Eng 118(10):1626–1637

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meigh AC, Wolski W (1979) Design parameters for weak rocks. In: Proceedings of 7th european conference on SMFE, vol 5, Brighton

  • Nam MS, Vipulanandan C (2008) Roughness and unit side resistances of drilled shafts socketed in clay shale and limestone. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 134(9):1272–1279

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • NCHRP Transportation Research Board (2006) NCHRP SYNTHESIS 360 rock-socketed shafts for highway structure foundations. NCHRP, Washington

    Google Scholar 

  • Ng C, Yau T, Li J, Tang W (2001) Side resistance of large diameter bored piles socketed into decomposed rocks. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 127:642–657

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Omer JR, Robinson RB, Delpak R, Shih JKC (2003) Large scale pile tests in Mercia Mudstone: data analysis and evaluation of current design method. Geotech Geol Eng 21(3):167–200

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pells PJ (1999) State of practice for the design of socketed piles in rock. In: Proceedings of the 8th Australia New Zealand conference on geomechanics, Australian Geomechanics Society, pp 307–327

  • Pells OJ, Douglas DJ, Rodway B, Thorne C, McManhon BK (1978) Design loadings for foundations on shale and sandstone in the Sydney region. Res Rep No R315, University of Sydney, Sydney

  • Pells PJ, Rowe RK, Turner RM (1980) An experimental investigation into side shear for socketed piles in sandstone. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Structural Foundations on Rock, vol 1, pp 291–302

  • Prakoso WA (2002) Reliability-based design of foundations in rock mass. PhD dissertation. Cornell University

  • Reese LC, O’Neill MW (1988) Drilled shafts: construction procedures and design methods. Publication No. FHWA-HI-88-042, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC

  • Reynolds RT, Kaderabek TJ (1980) Miami limestone foundation design and construction. ASCE, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg P, Journeaux NL (1976) Friction and end bearing tests on bedrock for high capacity socket design. Can Geotech J 13:324–333

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rowe RK, Armitage HH (1984) Design of piles socketed into weak rock. Report GEOT-11-84. University of Western Ontario

  • Rowe RK, Armitage HH (1987) A design method for drilled piers in soft rock. Can Geotech J 24:126–142

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seidel JP, Collingwood B (2001) A new socket roughness factor for prediction of rock socket shaft resistance. Can Geotech J 38:138–153

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seidel JP, Haberfield CM (1995) The axial capacity of pile sockets in rocks and hard soils. Ground Eng 28(2):33–38

    Google Scholar 

  • Walter D, Burwash WJ, Montgomery RA (1997) Design of large-diameter drilled shafts for Northumberland Strait bridge project. Can Geotech J 34:580–587

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williams AF (1980) The design and performance of piles socketed into weak rock. PhD Dissertation, Monash University

  • Williams AF, Pells PJ (1981) Side resistance rock sockets in sandstone, mudstone, and shale. Can Geotech J 18:502–513

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williams AF, Johnston IW, Donald IB (1980) The design of socketed piles in weak rock. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Structural Foundations on Rock, pp 327–347

  • Yildirim S (2009) Site investigations and foundation design. Birsen Yayinevi, Istanbul

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang L, Einstein HH (1998) End bearing capacity of drilled shafts in rock. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 124(7):574–584

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors extend their gratitude to the Office of Graduate Studies and Research at the American University of Sharjah, technical staff of DEC Dubai, and Aqeel Ahmad of the American University of Sharjah for their support in testing and analysis of the test piles.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zahid Khan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Yamin, M., Khan, Z., El Naggar, H. et al. Nonlinear Regression Analysis for Side Resistance of Socketed Piles in Rock Formations of Dubai Area. Geotech Geol Eng 36, 3857–3869 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-018-0577-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-018-0577-9

Keywords

Navigation