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Hydraulic Conductivity Prediction of Saturated Sand-Bentonite Mixtures

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Abstract

In this paper, models have been developed to predict the hydraulic conductivity of the saturated bentonite and saturated sand-bentonite mixtures. For these models, free swell void ratio of the bentonite is required which can be obtained using a simple test. It was observed that hydraulic conductivity of the saturated bentonite and saturated sand-bentonite mixtures could be predicted within 5 or 1/5 times of the measured values for most of the cases.

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Abbreviations

C, C 1 , C 2 :

Numerical constants

e :

Void ratio of the soil

e b :

Bentonite void ratio of the sand-bentonite mixture

e bc :

Condensed void ratio of the bentonite

e be :

Void ratio of the bentonite

e f :

Free swell void ratio of the bentonite

G b :

Specific gravity of the bentonite

G s :

Specific gravity of the sand

k :

Hydraulic conductivity of the soil

k b :

Hydraulic conductivity of the bentonite at a void ratio equal to the e b of the sand-bentonite mixture

k be :

Hydraulic conductivity of the bentonite

k m :

Hydraulic conductivity of the ideal sand bentonite mixture

LL :

Liquid Limit of the bentonite

M, p :

Numerical constants

V b :

Volume of the bentonite solid

V f :

Volume of the saturated bentonite after full swelling

V w :

Volume of the water in a unit volume of sand-bentonite mixture

W b :

Weight of the dry bentonite

W d :

Dry weight of the sand-bentonite mixture

x :

Bentonite content

x l :

Lower limit of the bentonite content

x u :

Upper limit of the bentonite content

γ d :

Dry unit weight of the sand-bentonite mixture

γ d(mod) :

Modified dry unit weight of the sand-bentonite mixture

γ w :

Unit weight of the water

γ dl :

Lower limit of the dry unit weight of the sand-bentonite mixture

γ du :

Upper limit of the dry unit weight of the sand-bentonite mixture

ε v :

Swelling strain (%) of the sand-bentonite mixture sample

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Acknowledgments

The author sincerely thanks Dr. Shreyas C. Khachane (formerly Research Scholar, IIT Bombay) for his invaluable help and cooperation during the research work at IIT Bombay.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering Pune, Shivajinagar, Pune, 411005, India

    K. K. Tripathi

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  1. K. K. Tripathi
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Correspondence to K. K. Tripathi.

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Tripathi, K.K. Hydraulic Conductivity Prediction of Saturated Sand-Bentonite Mixtures. Geotech Geol Eng 31, 581–591 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-012-9610-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-012-9610-6

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