Abstract
In recent years, many researchers have considered the mechanical characteristics of deep foundation excavation in soft-soil. The analysis of these deep excavations requires consideration of an uncertain, nonlinear, dynamic and complicated system, and involves consideration of soil strength, stability, deformation, fluid flow and interaction of soil and different retaining configurations. It is difficult to describe such a nonlinear system using traditional analysis. Therefore, in order to accurately describe the mechanical behavior of a representative deep excavation of the subway station, in this case, 3-Dimensional geotechnical numerical analysis method using FLAC3D software was applied. Using this tool, a study considering earth pressure, soil deformation and settlement was carried out. Furthermore, the response of different retaining configurations was deeply investigated. Triaxial cement mixing piles were considered as a way to optimize deformation of the deep excavation and reduce settlement of the ground surface and the railway embankment. The analysis indicated that the deeper the foundation excavation was, the larger the surface settlement and the smaller the earth pressure. The analysis also considered the mechanical effect of varying the wall thickness and the wall depth on the structure‘s deformation characteristics. The simulations indicated that a wall thickness of less than 1.4 m effectively reduced wall horizontal displacement, ground surface settlement and uneven settlement of railway embankment. While a variable wall embedded depth that was less than 52 m also changed the settlement of the excavation deformation and the ground surface. Therefore, the numerical results can agree with the practical project to imply that numerical method in the paper is applicable and reliable, which provides a new thought to research on deep excavation in soft-soil.
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Acknowledgments
The authors are very grateful to Dr. Catherine O’sullivian at Imperial College London for her help revising the paper. And the study was financially supported by ‘985 Engineering Program’ Foundation with Grant No. 0903005104973, Young Teachers’ Creation Foundation at Chongqing University, Project No. CDJZR11 20 00 13 supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and No. 51109231 supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China. We also gratefully acknowledge the numerical analysis carried out by our research group.
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Liu, X., Liu, S. Study on Deformation Characteristics of Deep Foundation Excavation in Soft-Soil and the Response of Different Retaining Configurations. Geotech Geol Eng 30, 313–329 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-011-9470-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-011-9470-5