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Provincial potassium balance of farmland in China between 1980 and 2010

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Abstract

Great changes have been happened over the past 30 years in chemical fertilizer input in China, and thus a gross potassium (K) budget model established to evaluate the variation of farmland K balance for China in 1980 and 2010 at the national scale is important. Results indicated that total K input in 1980 was 6.8 million tonnes, in which chemical fertilizer, organic manure and other sources accounted for 5.6, 77.5 and 16.9% respectively. Total K input in 2010 was 21.6 million tonnes, in which chemical fertilizer, organic manure and other sources accounted for 43.5, 50.4 and 6.1% respectively. Total K output in 1980 was 8.1 million tonnes, in which crops removal and loss accounted for 98.2 and 1.8% respectively. Total K output in 2010 was 19.1 million tonnes, in which crops removal and loss accounted for 99.2 and 0.8%, respectively. Similar to K input, the spatial distribution of K output differed greatly. Total K deficit was 1.3 million tonnes, and the range of K balance in each province was −86.7 to 53.6 kg K2O ha−1 in 1980. Compared with that, total K surplus was 2.5 million tonnes and the range of K balance in each province was −43.0 to 256.6 kg K2O ha−1 in 2010. Chemical fertilizer K application over the past 30 years makes the great changes in average K balance from deficit to surplus in general; however, the great spatial variation in K balance drives urgent need for site-specific K nutrient management.

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Abbreviations

AH:

Anhui

BJ:

Beijing

CQ:

Chongqing

FJ:

Fujian

GD:

Guangdong

GS:

Gansu

GX:

Guangxi

GZ:

Guizhou

HEB:

Hebei

HEN:

Henan

HLJ:

Heilongjiang

HN:

Hainan

HUB:

Hubei

HUN:

Hunan

JL:

Jilin

JS:

Jiangsu

JX:

Jiangxi

K:

Potassium

KUE:

Potassium use efficiency

LN:

Liaoning

MLYR:

The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

N:

Nitrogen

NC:

North central

NE:

Northeast

NMG:

Inner Mongolia

NW:

Northwest

NX:

Ningxia

P:

Phosphorus

QH:

Qinghai

SC:

Sichuan

SD:

Shandong

SE:

Southeast

SH:

Shanghai

SNX:

Shaanxi

SW:

Southwest

SX:

Shanxi

TJ:

Tianjin

XJ:

Xinjiang

XZ:

Tibet

YN:

Yunnan

ZJ:

Zhejiang

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan (2016YFD0200101), the National Basic Research program of China (973 program) (2013CB127405), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31471942 and 31272243), International Plant Nutrition Institute (IPNI) and CAAS-IPNI Joint Lab for Plant Nutrition Innovation Research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, People’s Republic of China

    Yingxia Liu & Qiang Gao

  2. Horrow Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2585 County Road 20, Harrow, ON, NOR 1G0, Canada

    Jingyi Yang

  3. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, People’s Republic of China

    Wentian He, Jinchuan Ma, Qiuliang Lei, Ping He, Sami Ullah & Fuqiang Yang

  4. International Plant Nutrition Institute (IPNI) China Program, CAAS-IPNI Joint Lab for Plant Nutrition Innovation Research, Beijing, 100081, People’s Republic of China

    Ping He

  5. Environment and Resources Center, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130124, People’s Republic of China

    Haiyan Wu

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  1. Yingxia Liu
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  3. Wentian He
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Correspondence to Ping He.

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Liu, Y., Yang, J., He, W. et al. Provincial potassium balance of farmland in China between 1980 and 2010. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 107, 247–264 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-017-9833-2

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