Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of microencapsulation of L. plantarum (as a probiotic) with chitosan/alginate biopolymers (MLCA) on innate immune response, disease resistance, and growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Four hundred and eighty fish were randomly distributed in glass tanks (150 L) and fed with diets including diet 1: control; diet 2: 10 g kg−1 microcapsules; diet 3: 108 CFU g−1 L. plantarum; and diet 4: 10 g kg−1 MLCA for 60 days. The hematology and biochemical indices, lysozyme activity, alternative complement activities, respiratory burst, serum bactericidal activity, as well as growth performance parameters (specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio) were analyzed. White blood cells, plasma protein and globulin concentration, serum lysozyme, and respiratory burst activities of fish were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the MLCA diet. A challenge test against Streptococcus agalactiae, at the end of the experiment, showed the highest survival rate of the fish fed with MLCA. Moreover, the fish fed with MLCA showed a significant improvement in SGR (3.12 ± 0.18%) and FCR (1.23 ± 0.20) and had the highest growth performance. These results suggest longer stability of probiotics in the microcapsules, and their immunomodulatory effect can be considered a promising immunostimulant and growth enhancer in the Nile tilapia diet.
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All authors [Zahra Bahrami, Laleh Roomiani (corresponding author), Narges Javadzadeh, Aboalfazl Askary Sary, and Mehran Javaheri Baboli] contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Zahra Bahrami, Laleh Roomiani, and Mehran Javaheri Baboli. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Laleh Roomiani, Aboalfazl Askay Sary, and Narges Javadzadeh, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Bahrami, Z., Roomiani, L., Javadzadeh, N. et al. Microencapsulation of Lactobacillus plantarum in the alginate/chitosan improves immunity, disease resistance, and growth of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish Physiol Biochem 49, 815–828 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-023-01224-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-023-01224-2