Abstract
In vivo study was conducted to determine the role of insulin-like growth factors (IGF-II) related to dietary protein utilization. For this early juvenile stage of marine false clownfish Amphiprion ocellaris, 300 numbers of 20-day-old larvae (initial body weight of 18.2±0.027 mg/fish) were used as an experimental animal. Animals were fed for 12 weeks with different dietary protein levels (35, 40, 45, 50, and 55%), using Spirulina maxima as a major protein source. Proximate compositions and amino acid profile of the formulated diet were analyzed by the standard methods. Eventually, significant (P<0.05) mean, body weight gain, absolute growth rate, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio were obtained in the fishes fed with 50% of dietary protein, whereas, poor growth performance was noticed in 35% of the dietary protein level fed juveniles. The growth-responsible gene IGF-II expression studies showed the significant upregulation in the growth of the juveniles at 2.05±0.11 for 40%, 3.13±0.20 for 45%, 4.97±0.13 for 50%, and 4.33± 0.24 for 55%, which were higher than the control group 35%. The study concluded that 50% of dietary protein level is optimal for better growth indices in clownfish; A. ocellaris juveniles and IGF-II can be used as a potential marker gene to assess the growth indices in A. ocellaris.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to the Director, ICAR - National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (NBFGR) for constant encouragements. Gratitude to the authorities of Annamalai University for the facilities including experimental animals. The Department of Science and Technology (File No: DST/SEED/SCSP/STI/2021/618; SEED-DST, Govt. of India) is acknowledged for funding support.
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This study is supported by DST/SEED/SCSP/STI/2021/618; SEED-DST, Govt. of India.
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Design the experiment, data analysis, and writing were performed by Thangapandi Marudhupandi. Assisted in manuscript preparation and analysis by Nagarajan Balachandran Dhayanithi, Sridharan Jeyaprakashsabari, and Sugatha Dhas Deepa involved in conducting experiments. Conceptualization, supervision, and manuscript editing by Thipramalai Thangappan Ajith Kumar. Uttam Kumar Sarkar edited the final manuscript. All authors were significantly contributed to bring out this manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Marudhupandi, T., Dhayanithi, N.B., Jeyaprakashsabari, S. et al. Insulin-like growth factor II, a marker gene for determining the optimum dietary protein level in clownfish Amphiprion ocellaris. Fish Physiol Biochem 50, 171–182 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-023-01189-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-023-01189-2