Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the structural and ontogenetic development of the skeletal system and digestive tract histologically and enzymatically in larvae of shi drum (U. cirrosa) under intensive rearing conditions until 40 days after hatching (DAH). Among digestive enzymes, amylase was detected at 0.89 ± 0.12 mU mg protein−1 on the first hatching day. The specific activities of trypsin and lipase were detected simultaneously with mouth opening on 3 DAH with 28.47 ± 3.52 and 2.8 ± 0.32 mU mg protein−1, respectively. In addition, pepsin was found for the first time at 0.88 ± 0.21 mU mg protein−1 on 15 DAH in association with stomach formation and increased sharply up to 40 DAH. In the structural development of the skeletal system, the development of the caudal fin in larvae was morphologically associated with the flexion of the notochord. It was observed that the shape of the fin and spine, which reached 40 DAH, became similar to the adult shape. Histologically, 3 DAH, the mouth and anus were opened. The formation of the primitive stomach was observed at the end of the seventh day—the pyloric sphincter formed between 13 and 18 days. A functional stomach was seen on the 15th DAH. Therefore, U. cirrosa is believed to have critical aquaculture potential that can be cultured under intensive conditions. The developmental profile of skeletal, enzymatic, and histological ontogeny observed in U. cirrosa is similar to that described for other sciaenid species.
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Data availability
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Code availability
Not applicable.
Change history
05 May 2023
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-023-01202-8
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Arif Karacaoğlan and Kürşat Fırat carried out the experiments and biometric analyses, contributed to the conception and design, and supervised the findings and discussion of the results. Cüneyt Suzer and Atife Tuba Beken contributed to the enzymatic analysis. Deniz Çoban and Şükrü Yıldırım contributed to the Bone-Cartilage Structure Analysis. Şahin Saka and Sema Midilli contributed to the histological analysis. Mürsel Özdoğan and Birsen Kırım contributed to the supervision of the larva feeding. Müge Aliye Hekimoğlu contributed to the final text. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
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Karacaoğlan, A., Fırat, K., Hekimoğlu, M.A. et al. Enzymatic, skeletal, and histological ontogeny of shi drum (Umbrina cirrosa) larvae under intensive culture conditions. Fish Physiol Biochem 49, 351–370 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-023-01186-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-023-01186-5