Abstract
The present study was performed to isolate and identify antimicrobial bacteria from the skin mucus of Labeo calbasu and assess their effects as water additives alone and in synergism, with dietary probiotic bacteria Aneurinibacillus aneurinilyticus LC1 isolated from intestinal tracts of L. calbasu on physiology and survival of same fish. Eight treatments (T1–T8) were conducted in triplicate, containing 10 fishes (2.02 ± 0.01 g) in each treatment: T1, control group (diet without probiotics); T2–T4, a diet with water additive probiotics; Bacillus cereus LC1, B. albus LC7, and B. cereus LC10, respectively, at 1000 CFU ml−1; T5, a diet with dietary probiotic A. aneurinilyticus at 3000 CFU g−1, T6–T8, a diet with water additives Bacillus cereus LC1, B. albus LC7, and B. cereus LC10 at 1000 CFU ml−1 along with dietary probiotic A. aneurinilyticus at 3000 CFU g−1. Results revealed improved growth, nutritive physiology, immune response, water quality, and survival in fish of group T8 (fingerlings fed on a probiotic diet at 3000 CFU g−1 and reared in holding water treated with skin mucus bacteria B. cereus LC10 at 1000 CFU g−1) as compared to other treatments, suggesting autochthonous intestinal and cutaneous mucosal bacteria as robust candidates for their collective application in aquaculture.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are thankful to the Dr. Rajesh dayal of National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (NBFGR), Lucknow, India, and the National Fish Seed Farm, Jyotisar, Kurukshetra, India, for providing experimental fish and fingerlings.
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PR is thankful to University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi, India, for UGC/NET JRF fellowship.
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AB designed the experiment, procured the material, supervised the research, and checked the manuscript. PR performed the experiments, analyzed the samples, compiled the data, and did the statistical analysis of the data. Both authors participated in the writing of the manuscript.
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Bhatnagar, A., Rathi, P. Isolation and characterization of autochthonous probiotics from skin mucus and their in vivo validation with dietary probiotic bacteria on growth performance and immunity of Labeo calbasu (Hamilton, 1822). Fish Physiol Biochem 49, 191–208 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-022-01168-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-022-01168-z