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Myostatin-mediated regulation of skeletal muscle damage post-acute Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.)

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Abstract

This study focuses on the relationship between myostatin (MyoS), myogenin (MyoG), and the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH/IGF-1) axis for muscle growth and histopathological changes in muscle after an Aeromonas hydrophila infection. A total number of 90 Nile tilapia (55.85 g) were randomly allocated into two equal groups of three replicates each. The first group was an uninfected control group that was injected intraperitoneally (ip) with 0.2 ml phosphate buffer saline (PBS), while the second group was injected ip with 0.2 ml (1.3 × 108 CFU/ml) Aeromonas hydrophila culture suspension. Sections of white muscle and liver tissues were taken from each group 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 1 week after infection for molecular analysis and histopathological examination. The results revealed that with time progression, the severity of muscle lesions increased from edema between bundles and mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltration 24 h post-challenge to severe atrophy of muscle bundles with irregular and curved fibers with hyalinosis of the fibers 1 week postinfection. The molecular analysis showed that bacterial infection was able to induce the muscle expression levels of GH with reduced ILGF-1, MyoS, and MyoG at 24 h postinfection. However, time progression postinfection reversed these findings through elevated muscle expression levels of MyoS with regressed expression levels of muscle GH, ILGF-1, and MyoG. There have been no previous reports on the molecular expression analysis of the aforementioned genes and muscle histopathological changes in Nile tilapia following acute Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Our findings, collectively, revealed that the up-and down-regulation of the myostatin signaling is likely to be involved in the postinfection-induced muscle wasting through the negative regulation of genes involved in muscle growth, such as GH, ILGF-1, and myogenin, in response to acute Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus.

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Data availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article (tables and figures).

Materials availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article (tables and figures).

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the Biotechnology Lab., Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, where the molecular analysis was performed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fish Processing and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt

    Zizy I. ELbialy, Eman Atef & Ibrahim I. Al-Hawary

  2. Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt

    Abdallah S. Salah

  3. Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK

    Abdallah S. Salah

  4. Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt

    Ali A. Aboshosha

  5. Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University (KAU), Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia

    Muyassar H. Abualreesh

  6. Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt

    Doaa H. Assar

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  1. Zizy I. ELbialy
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  4. Abdallah S. Salah
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Contributions

Z.I.E. is responsible for conceptualization, molecular analysis, reviewing and editing the final version, and publishing the paper. E.A. performed the experiment, sampling, and laboratory investigation. I.I.A. supervision and validation of the study. A.S.S. is responsible for data curation, statistical analysis, and software analysis of data. A.A.A. studies visualization and supervision. M.A.A. reviewed and edited the final version. D.H.A. methodology, including pathological examination and validation of the study, was a significant contributor to writing the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Zizy I. ELbialy or Doaa H. Assar.

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The current study’s methods and experimental protocols adhered to the relevant guidelines and regulations of Kafrelsheikh University’s ethical approval committee no. IAACUC-KSU-2020–21.

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ELbialy, Z.I., Atef, E., Al-Hawary, I.I. et al. Myostatin-mediated regulation of skeletal muscle damage post-acute Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.). Fish Physiol Biochem 49, 1–17 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-022-01165-2

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