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Gene expression levels of synaptic exocytosis regulator synaptophysin in the brain and the olfactory organ of anadromous salmon

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Abstract

Anadromous Pacific salmon (genus Oncorhynchus) are known for their homing behavior based on olfactory imprinting, which is formed during their seaward migration. Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE/Snare) complex is a minimum unit of vesicle exocytosis from the pre-synaptic membrane. Its component genes (synaptosome-associated protein 25, syntaxin 1, and vesicle-associated membrane protein 2) are more strongly expressed in the olfactory nervous system (olfactory epithelium, olfactory bulb, and telencephalon) at the migration stages related to olfactory imprinting and/or retrieval in salmon. This study focused on the mRNA synthesis of synaptophysin (Syp), one of the Snare regulatory factors. syp is strongly expressed in chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) olfactory nervous system during the seaward migration and temporarily increased during the homeward migration. In reference to our previous studies, these expression changes were similar to the snare genes in the chum salmon. Therefore, syp and Snare component genes were synchronously expressed reflecting the development and short-term plasticity of the olfactory nervous system that is essential for olfactory imprinting.

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Data availability

The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to the attribution of the data to the earlier part of the serial works but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. The nucleotide sequences obtained in this study were deposited to the public database, GenBank.

Code availability

Not applicable.

Abbreviations

OE:

Olfactory epithelium

OB:

Olfactory bulb

ONS:

Olfactory nervous system

SNARE/Snare:

Soluble N-ethyl-maleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor

SNAP25/Snap25:

Synaptosome-associated protein 25

Syp/syp:

Synaptophisin

VAMP2/Vamp2:

Vesicle-associated membrane protein 2

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the crew of the training ship Oshoro Maru V of Hokkaido University, Japan for providing immature chum salmon from the Pacific Ocean and the Oshima Salmon Enhancement Program Association for providing juvenile and mature fish from the Yurappu River.

Funding

This work was supported by the Japan Society for Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows (Grant Number JP19J10799) and Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) (JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 17K07930).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shibetsu Salmon Museum, North 1, West 6, Shibetsu, Hokkaido, Japan

    Takashi Abe & Masaki Ichimura

  2. Laboratory of Humans and the Ocean, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1, Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido, 041-8611, Japan

    Hideaki Kudo

Authors
  1. Takashi Abe
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  2. Masaki Ichimura
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Contributions

This work was conceptualized by Takashi Abe and Hideaki Kudo and administrated by Hideaki Kudo. Hideaki Kudo and Masaki Ichimura supervised this study and provided resources. Funding was acquired by Takashi Abe and Hideaki Kudo. Methodology and visualization were performed by Takashi Abe. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Takashi Abe and all authors commented on previous version of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hideaki Kudo.

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The experiments were performed in accordance with “National University Corporation Hokkaido University Provisions on Animal Experiments” and were approved by “Hokkaido University Animal Care and Use Committee.”

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Abe, T., Ichimura, M. & Kudo, H. Gene expression levels of synaptic exocytosis regulator synaptophysin in the brain and the olfactory organ of anadromous salmon. Fish Physiol Biochem 48, 461–469 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-022-01063-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-022-01063-7

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