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Hypothermal effects on expression of regucalcin, a calcium-binding protein, in the livers of seawater- and fresh water–acclimated milkfish, Chanos chanos

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Abstract

Regucalcin (RGN) is a calcium-binding protein mainly expressed in the liver. It functions in regulating activities of several calcium-dependent enzymes related to energy metabolism, antioxidant mechanisms, and apoptotic pathways. Previous proteomics analyses revealed downregulation of regucalcin in milkfish livers when acclimated to low temperature (18 °C) from normal temperature (28 °C). This study first identified the full-length sequence of milkfish regucalcin from the livers with high similarity in the protein structure and calcium-binding function compared to the regucalcin of other animals. The mRNA and protein expression of regucalcin in the livers of fresh water (FW)– and seawater (SW)-acclimated milkfish under hypothermal acclimation were further analyzed. In FW milkfish, upregulation of regucalcin was found in mRNA and protein levels from 2 to 4 days, respectively, to 1 week after transfer to 18 °C for the two. However, in SW milkfish, upregulation of regucalcin occurred quickly and returned to the basal levels in 1 (mRNA expression) or 2 days (protein expression) up until 1 week after transfer. These results suggested potential roles of regucalcin in maintaining calcium homeostasis and its correlation to differential physiological responses in the livers of milkfish when they were acclimated to FW and SW.

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Funding

This work was partly supported by a grant to T.H. Lee from the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan (105-2313-B-005-027-MY3 and 108-2313-B-005-006-MY3) and in part by the integrative Evolutionary Galliform Genomics (iEGG) and Animal Biotechnology Center from The Feature Area Research Center Program within the framework of the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan (109-S-0023-F). C.H.C. was supported by the postdoctoral fellowships from the MOST (108-2811-B-005-520).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, 145, Xingda Road, Taichung, 402, Taiwan

    Chia-Hao Chang & Tsung-Han Lee

  2. The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan

    Chia-Hao Chang & Tsung-Han Lee

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  1. Chia-Hao Chang
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  2. Tsung-Han Lee
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Contributions

C.H.C conceived and designed this study and contributed to manuscript writing. T.H.L. reviewed and edited the manuscript. T.H.L. supervised the project. All authors read and approved the final manuscript for publication.

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Correspondence to Tsung-Han Lee.

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The experimental procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of the National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan (IACUC Approval No. 105-024 to THL).

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All authors read and approved the final manuscript for publication.

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Figure S1.

The exon/intron organization of DNA sequences of regucalcin in teleosts. C. chanos: XM_030781347.1; I. punctatus: NM_001200368.2; C. auratus: XM_026257802.1; D. rerio: NM_205746.1; O. mykiss: NM_001246349.1; S. salar: XM_030409260.1; E. Lucius: NM_001304242.1; T. flavidus: XM_003966709.3; S. aurata: XM_030409260.1; O. latipes: XM_004084583.4; O. melastigma: XM_024265448.2. (JPG 909 kb)

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Chang, CH., Lee, TH. Hypothermal effects on expression of regucalcin, a calcium-binding protein, in the livers of seawater- and fresh water–acclimated milkfish, Chanos chanos. Fish Physiol Biochem 47, 999–1010 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-021-00960-7

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