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The TOR pathway participates in the regulation of growth development in juvenile spotted drum (Nibea diacanthus) under different dietary hydroxyproline supplementation

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Abstract

Commonly used aquatic feed naturally contains low-level or no hydroxyproline (Hyp). This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary Hyp inclusion on growth performance, body composition, amino acid profiles, blood biochemistry, and the expression of target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway-related genes in juvenile Nibea diacanthus. Fish with similar size (initial body weight, 133.00 ± 2.14 g) were fed six isonitrogenous and isolipidic practical diets supplemented with graded levels of Hyp (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 g kg−1 of dry matter) for 8 weeks. The results indicated that growth performance and feed utilization were improved with increased levels of dietary Hyp (P < 0.05), and the optimum amount of dietary Hyp estimated from SGR as 16.6 g kg−1. The crude protein of whole body and swim bladder and the amino acid composition of muscle and swim bladder were significantly (P < 0.05) affected by the addition of dietary Hyp, which reflects the important role of feed composition in animal body composition. In addition, the expression levels of mammalian target of rapamycin (TOR) and ribosomal protein S6 kinase1 (S6K1) genes in the liver, muscle, and swim bladder increased with increasing Hyp content of diets, while the mRNA expression level of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein (4E-BP) gene in these tissues decreased. These results indicated that Hyp improved fish growth and the ability to synthesize proteins, most likely through the TOR pathway. It is suggested that dietary Hyp supplementation is particularly necessary for application in aquatic feed.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Zhuangping Expert Workstation and all our laboratory members for technical advice and valuable help during the feeding trial and sample analysis.

Funding

This research was supported by Grant No. A201005D06-1 from China Guangdong Oceanic and Fishery Science and Technology Foundation, Grant No. 2016ZR14 from Natural Science Youth Research Foundation of Yunnan Agricultural University, and Grant No. 2018FG001-044 and 2017FG001-021 from Yunnan Province Agricultural Basic Research Joint Project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, People’s Republic of China

    Hua Rong, Baoliang Bi, Tengfei Dou & Xiangwei Wu

  2. Key Laboratory of Protection and Sustainable Utilization of Plateau Fishery Resources, University of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650201, People’s Republic of China

    Hua Rong, Baoliang Bi & Xiangwei Wu

  3. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, People’s Republic of China

    Fan Lin, Jude Juventus Aweya & Xiaobo Wen

  4. Department of Food Safety Technology, China National Analytical Center, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China

    Yunlong Zhang

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  1. Hua Rong
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  2. Fan Lin
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  3. Yunlong Zhang
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  4. Baoliang Bi
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  7. Jude Juventus Aweya
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  8. Xiaobo Wen
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Correspondence to Xiaobo Wen.

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Rong, H., Lin, F., Zhang, Y. et al. The TOR pathway participates in the regulation of growth development in juvenile spotted drum (Nibea diacanthus) under different dietary hydroxyproline supplementation. Fish Physiol Biochem 46, 2085–2099 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-020-00863-z

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