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High dietary lipid level alters the growth, hepatic metabolism enzyme, and anti-oxidative capacity in juvenile largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides

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Abstract

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of high dietary lipid levels on growth, metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and immune responses of largemouth bass. Fish (initial body weight 13.38 ± 0.11 g) were fed three isonitrogenous semi-purified diets containing 5%, 10%, and 20% lipid, respectively. The results indicated that fish fed 10% lipid diet showed significantly better final body weight, specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared with that fed 5% lipid diet. Meanwhile, fish fed 20% lipid diet had a significantly higher viscera ratio (VR), hepatosomatic index (HSI), intraperitoneal fat ratio (IPF), and liver lipid content than those fed the other diets. Higher alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), free fatty acids (FFA), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) contents, and LDL-C/HDL-C value in plasma were recorded in fish fed 20% lipid diet, while higher insulin contents were obtained in fish fed 5% lipid diet. In addition, the highest carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT1), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase), and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) activities in the liver were also observed in fish fed 20% lipid diet. However, fish fed 20% lipid diet had a significantly lower superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and higher MDA contents in liver than those fed the other diets. The higher nitric oxide (NO) contents and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity in liver were recorded in fish fed 10% lipid diet. Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and lysozyme activities, and nitric oxide (NO) contents in plasma were higher in fish fed the 10% diets than the other groups. In conclusion, high dietary lipid levels could suppress growth performance and liver anti-oxidative capacity, and reduce immune responses of largemouth bass.

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Acknowledgments

We thank H. Zhao and C.M. Shi for their help during the experiment. Thanks are also due to Y. Jiang and M.Q. Song for helping with the chemical analysis.

Funding

This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31672659), the Science and Technology Council of Chongqing, China (No.cstc2017shms-xdny80012), and the Chongqing Ecological Fishery Technology System (2018-2019).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People’s Republic of China

    Yue-Lang Zhou, Jia-Ling Guo, Hui-Jia Ma, Yong-Jun Chen & Shi-Mei Lin

  2. Liangping District Agriculture Commission, Chongqing, 400020, People’s Republic of China

    Ren-Jun Tang

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  1. Yue-Lang Zhou
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  2. Jia-Ling Guo
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Correspondence to Shi-Mei Lin.

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Zhou, YL., Guo, JL., Tang, RJ. et al. High dietary lipid level alters the growth, hepatic metabolism enzyme, and anti-oxidative capacity in juvenile largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides. Fish Physiol Biochem 46, 125–134 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-019-00705-7

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