Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the physiological responses of juvenile Lophiosilurus alexandri submitted to osmotic and thermic shock. Thirty juveniles were used for each test, of which 10 were not subjected to stress and remained in normal conditions (fresh water at 28.0 °C). The others were submitted to stress shock (saline water of 10.0 g of salt/L or water cooled to 18.0 °C). Blood samples were taken at 0 h (no exposure to the stress factor) and 1 h and 24 h after the tests. At 24 h, the survivorship was 100% in both tests. In both the osmotic and thermic shock tests, cortisol and glucose levels were higher at 1 h but then decreased after 24 h. Lactate dehydrogenase showed differences in the temperature test, but there was no difference between 1 and 24 h after exposure to osmotic shock (P > 0.05). The difference was recorded in blood gas variables (pH, PvCO2, PvO2, hemoglobin, sO2, BE, tCO2, HCO3−, and stHCO3−) and electrolytes (Na+, Ca++, nCa++, and K+) in both experiments. With regard to hematology and blood biochemistry, exposure to thermal shock did not affect (P > 0.05) ALP, total plasma protein, hematocrit, and ALT and AST at 1 h and 24 h. ALP and total protein in the blood of fish submitted to the osmotic shock were lowest (P < 0.05) at 24 h. Leukocyte and erythrocyte counts exhibited differences after osmotic shock, in contrast to erythrocyte counts of the temperature test, which did not change in 24 h (P > 0.05). Juveniles of L. alexandri were able to reestablish the main indicators of stress (cortisol, glucose), while the others (hematological, biochemical, and gasometric) varied in compensation for normal physiological reestablishment.
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Acknowledgments
We are grateful to Danilo Gonçalves Bastos for his technical assistance.
Funding
This work was financially supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq-Brasil), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES-Brasil), and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG-Brasil). LUZ R.K. received a research grant and a research fellowship from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq No. 308547/2018-7) and from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG No. PPM-00250/15).
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The experiment was carried out at Laboratório de Aquacultura of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (LAQUA), Brazil, and was approved by the Comitê de Éticaem Uso de Animais (Ethics Committee on Animal Use) of UFMG (protocol 77/2017).
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Mattioli, C.C., Takata, R., de Oliveira Paes Leme, F. et al. Response of juvenile Lophiosilurus alexandri to osmotic and thermic shock. Fish Physiol Biochem 46, 51–61 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-019-00696-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-019-00696-5