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Molecular characterization of Beclin 1 in rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) and its expression after waterborne cadmium exposure

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Abstract

Beclin 1 plays an important role in autophagy and apoptosis which are well documented in mammals. However, relevant reports are rare in fish. This study characterized Beclin 1 of the rare minnow Gobiocypris rarus (rmBeclin 1), which encodes a peptide of 447 amino acids using RT-PCR and RACE. The deduced peptide showed 96.4 and 80.8 % similarity to Beclin 1 of common carp and human, respectively. Semiquantitative RT-PCR revealed that rmBeclin 1 was ubiquitously expressed in all tested tissues of male and female fish in all developmental stages, even unfertilized eggs. RT-qPCR revealed that rmBeclin 1 mRNA transcripts were significantly up-regulated in gills after a 12 h treatment with waterborne CdCl2 but were decreased thereafter. However, rmBeclin 1 expression was decreased in the brain, but it was not significantly changed in other tissues. Subchronic CdCl2 exposure significantly increased rmBeclin 1 in the brain, but it distinctly decreased rmBeclin 1 in the gill and hepatopancreas. A dose-dependent effect was not observed in mature fish treated for 96 h, but a dose-dependent effect existed in immature fish treated for 10 days. Longer treatment (10 day) caused a significantly higher expression of rmBeclin 1 in the larvae groups. These data suggest that alterations in rmBeclin 1 after CdCl2 exposure are tissue-specific and time-related and that the dose-dependent effect was restricted to a certain concentration range and exposure time.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Zuo-Gang Peng, Dr. Li Jin, and the members of Zhang’s laboratory for helpful discussions. This work was funded by a program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT0859).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Southwest University School of Life Science, Chongqing, 400715, China

    Xiao-Hong Liu, Zhi-Jian Wang, Dong-Ming Chen, Mu-Fei Chen, Xing-Xing Jin, Jing Huang & Yao-Guang Zhang

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  1. Xiao-Hong Liu
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Correspondence to Yao-Guang Zhang.

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Figure S1

Polygenetic tree of Beclin 1-based amino acids. This tree was reconstructed by Mega 5 using neighbor-joining (N-J) method, with 1000 bootstraps replications (EPS 49855 kb)

Figure S2

Expression of Beclin 1 in eight tissues (brain, hepatopancreas, kidney, gill, intestine, spleen, muscle and ovary) of female rare minnows (Gobiocypris rarus) treated by 2.0, 2.5, and 2.8 mg/L CdCl2 for 96 h. *: P < 0.05 (EPS 32307 kb)

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Liu, XH., Wang, ZJ., Chen, DM. et al. Molecular characterization of Beclin 1 in rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) and its expression after waterborne cadmium exposure. Fish Physiol Biochem 42, 111–123 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-015-0122-1

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