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Single or combined effects of Lactobacillus sakei and inulin on growth, non-specific immunity and IgM expression in leopard grouper (Mycteroperca rosacea)

Fish Physiology and Biochemistry volume 40, pages 1169–1180 (2014)Cite this article

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the single or combined effects of Lactobacillus sakei with inulin suitable for immunological in vivo studies in farmed fish. By in vitro assays, L. sakei strain 5-4 showed antibacterial activities against all assayed fish pathogens (except the Vibrio harveyi strain CAIM-1793). L. sakei was able to survive at high fish bile concentrations. Fermentation of the agave inulin resulted in a large increase in number of lactobacilli. For the in vivo study, fish were fed for 8 weeks four practical diets: control diet (control), L. sakei 5-4 (107 CFU/g), inulin (1 % or 10 g/kg) and L. sakei + inulin (107 CFU/g + 10 g/kg). The weight gain showed clearly the synergistic effect of L. sakei 5-4 and inulin at 6 and 8 weeks of treatments. Leopard grouper fed with L. sakei alone or combined with inulin have significantly increased the assayed physiological and humoral immune parameters. By real-time PCR assays, the mRNA transcripts of immunoglobulin M (IgM) were found to be higher expressed in intestine, head kidney, mucus, gill, spleen and skin. Moreover, mRNA expression levels of IgM in head kidney and anterior intestine were measured by real-time PCR. L. sakei 5-4 and L. sakei + inulin supplemented diet up-regulated the expression of IgM at week 4 and 8 in intestine and head kidney, respectively. These results support the idea that the L. sakei 5-4 alone or combined with agave inulin improved growth performance and stimulates the immune system of leopard grouper.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Ylenia Murillo for their molecular technical support. The project was funded under SEP-CONACYT Grant CB-2010/155381. Dr. M.A. Esteban is a member of a Grupo de Excelencia de la Región de Murcia (04538/GERM/06).

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Affiliations

  1. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Mar Bermejo 195, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita, 23090, La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico

    Martha Reyes-Becerril, Felipe Ascencio & Vicente Gracia-Lopez

  2. Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44430, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico

    Ma. Esther Macias

  3. Laboratorio de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, Área Interdisciplinaria de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, Km 5.5, Carretera al Sur, 23080, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico

    Marcos Cadena Roa

  4. Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Campus de Excelencia Internacional, Campus “Mare Nostrum”, 30100, Murcia, Spain

    María Ángeles Esteban

Authors
  1. Martha Reyes-Becerril
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  2. Felipe Ascencio
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  3. Vicente Gracia-Lopez
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  4. Ma. Esther Macias
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  5. Marcos Cadena Roa
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  6. María Ángeles Esteban
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Correspondence to María Ángeles Esteban.

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Reyes-Becerril, M., Ascencio, F., Gracia-Lopez, V. et al. Single or combined effects of Lactobacillus sakei and inulin on growth, non-specific immunity and IgM expression in leopard grouper (Mycteroperca rosacea). Fish Physiol Biochem 40, 1169–1180 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-014-9913-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-014-9913-z

Keywords

  • Lactobacillus sakei 5-4
  • Agave inulin
  • Immune system
  • Leopard grouper