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Betanin attenuates carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

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Abstract

This study investigates the protective effect of betanin against liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). The fish were treated with 1, 2, and 4 % betanin in fodder throughout the experiment. After 20 days of treatment, the fish were intraperitoneally injected with 20 % (v/v in peanut oil) CCl4 at a volume of 0.5 mL/kg body weight. The fish were killed 3 days after CCl4 intoxication, and then, histological and biochemical assays were performed. Results showed that CCl4-induced liver CYP2E1 activity, oxidative stress, and injury, as indicated by the depleted glycogen storage, increased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities and liver histological damage. Compared with the CCl4 control group, the betanin-treated groups exhibited reduced CYP2E1 activity, decreased malondialdehyde level, increased liver antioxidative capacity (increased glutathione level and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities), increased liver glycogen storage, and reduced serum AST/ALT activities, with significant differences in the 2 and 4 % groups (p < 0.05). Histological assay further confirmed the protective effect of betanin. In conclusion, betanin attenuates CCl4-induced liver damage in common carp. Moreover, the inhibition of CYP2E1 activity and oxidative stress may have significant roles in the protective effect of betanin.

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Acknowledgments

Financial support from the grants of Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Liaoning Province (201201043) is gratefully acknowledged. This research was approved by an Animal Care or Ethics Committee of Shenyang University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang University, Shenyang, 110044, China

    Junyan Han, Cheng Gao, Shaobin Yang & Jun Wang

  2. College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China

    Dehong Tan

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  1. Junyan Han
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  2. Cheng Gao
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  4. Jun Wang
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Han, J., Gao, C., Yang, S. et al. Betanin attenuates carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Fish Physiol Biochem 40, 865–874 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-013-9892-5

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