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Growth and lipid composition of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) larvae in response to differently enriched Artemia franciscana

Fish Physiology and Biochemistry volume 34, pages 77–94 (2008)Cite this article

Abstract

Considerable progress has been achieved in the intensive culture of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). However, there is little information concerning optimum live-feed enrichments for cod larvae, since many of the techniques used during the larviculture have been borrowed from other fish species and adapted for the production of Atlantic cod. The present study compared four different protocols for the enrichment of Artemia to be used as live feed for cod larvae. The protocols tested were: (1) AlgaMac 2000, (2) AquaGrow Advantage, (3) Pavlova sp. + AlgaMac 2000, and (4) DC DHA Selco + AlgaMac 2000. Larvae were fed differently enriched Artemia between 37 and 59 days post hatch. At the end of the experiment, larvae from treatment 1 [specific growth rate (SGR) = 10.4 ± 0.4% day−1] grew faster than larvae from treatments 3 (SGR = 6.9 ± 0.2% day−1) and 4 (SGR = 4.9 ± 0.4% day−1, P < 0.0001). However, treatments 3 and 4 resulted in better larval survival at the end of the experimental period, estimated to be 3 on a scale from 1 to 5, whereas the survival estimates for the two other groups were 2. The treatments affected the fatty-acid composition of Artemia and of cod larvae. Larvae from treatment 1 had a higher percentage of AA (20:4ω6, P < 0.0001) and ω6DPA (22:5ω6, P < 0.0001) than the other larvae. Levels of DHA (22:6ω3) were similar in larvae from treatments 1 and 4, and higher than in the other larvae (P < 0.0001). Our results suggest that Artemia containing a DHA/EPA/AA ratio of 7/2/1 result in good larval performance.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the Aquaculture Research Development Facilities (ARDF-OSC) staff for their valuable help with the Artemia production. We also thank Kelly O’Brien-MacDonald for standard length sample collection and measurement and Jeanette Wells for technical assistance with lipid analysis. This research was funded by AquaNet.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ocean Sciences Centre, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Marine Lab Drive, St John’s, Newfoundland, Canada, A1C 5S7

    Alexandre Sachsida Garcia, Christopher C. Parrish & Joseph A. Brown

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  1. Alexandre Sachsida Garcia
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  2. Christopher C. Parrish
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  3. Joseph A. Brown
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Correspondence to Alexandre Sachsida Garcia.

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Joseph A. Brown—Deceased September 2005.

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Garcia, A.S., Parrish, C.C. & Brown, J.A. Growth and lipid composition of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) larvae in response to differently enriched Artemia franciscana . Fish Physiol Biochem 34, 77–94 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-007-9149-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-007-9149-2

Keywords

  • Atlantic cod
  • Essential fatty acids
  • Lipid-enrichment
  • Artemia
  • Larvae
  • ω6DPA

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