Abstract
Fire risk was evaluated by cone calorimeter, thermogravimetric analysis and vertical combustion tests for four common interior wallpaper species including PVC, non-woven, pure paper and silicone wallpapers. This paper compared the time to ignition, heat release rate, smoke production rate, and mass loss parameters, analyzed burning process, pyrolysis and flame propagation properties of four kinds of wallpaper. Based on observations for wallpapers, it is found that the silicone wallpaper had the longest time to ignition and was not lighted under the 15, 20 kW/m2 heat fluxes. This means that the silicone wallpaper can be ignited at a higher heat flux and will have a greater safety than other kinds of wallpaper. Under 30 kW/m2 heat flux, the smoke production of pure paper wallpaper was the lowest, the silicone wallpaper had the lower heat release rate, no smoke released and stable pyrolysis property in the first 40 s. This mean that the first 40 s of the fire of the silicone wallpaper can be used as a prime time for evacuation of people under 30 kW/m2 heat flux. The pyrolysis property and flame propagation of each wallpaper are related to its component. In addition, it is found that the "empty drum" phenomenon of the wallpapers is a prerequisite for the wallpaper used to burn, and only the silicone wallpaper among the four wallpapers has almost no flame propagation due to the thermal shrinkage phenomenon. It is concluded that the wallpaper coated with silicone rubber has a higher safety compared with the wallpapers containing PVC and synthetic fibers.
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Acknowledgements
This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51604215), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2016M590962), and the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China (2018JM5078).
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Liu, C., Deng, T., Zhou, S. et al. Experimental Investigation on Fire Risk Assessment for Typical Interior Wallpapers. Fire Technol 58, 991–1009 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-021-01178-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-021-01178-y