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An Experimental Data-Set on Pre-school Children Evacuation

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Abstract

This study presents an experimental data-set describing movement and behaviours of pre-school children. Data is presented together with detailed information about the evacuation procedure and the data collection methods, in order to enable a comprehensive interpretation of the results and to enhance the understanding of pre-school children evacuation. Data was collected during two semi-announced evacuation drills conducted in the same pre-school institution in Prague, Czech Republic, in 2013. The experiments involved a total of 188 children aged from 3 to 6 years; two age groups of children are distinguished: Junior children (aged 3–4 years) and Senior children (aged 5–6 years). The presented data-set consists of travel speeds on horizontal and vertical escape routes (stairs), pre-evacuation times, and total evacuation times. The travel speeds of Junior children on a horizontal plane ranged from 0.69 m/s to 1.33 m/s. Higher speeds of Junior children were observed on an internal straight staircase (mean 0.57 m/s) than on an external straight staircase (mean 0.34 m/s). For Senior children, a mean travel speed equal to 0.56 m/s was found on external spiral staircases. Good agreement is observed between the observed travel speeds and the results reported in the literature. This corroborates that the main variables impacting the movement and the self-rescue abilities of children are age and the configuration of the escape route. The observed pre-evacuation times were longer in classrooms with Junior children (mean value 46 s) than in classrooms with Senior children (mean value 20 s). The total evacuation times ranged from 81 s to 186 s, depending on the location of the classroom and the evacuation route.

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Acknowledgement

The authors wish to acknowledge Daniel Nilsson for a comprehensive review of the document before publication. The authors also wish to acknowledge Tomonori Sano and Dmitry Samoshin for providing explanations on the Japanese and Russian data-sets which have been mentioned in this paper. This work has been supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports within National Sustainability Programme I (NPU I), project No. LO1605 - University Centre for Energy Efficient Buildings – Sustainability Phase. .

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Building Structures, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákurova 2077/7, 166 29, Prague, Czech Republic

    Hana Najmanová

  2. University Centre for Energy Efficient Buildings, Czech Technical University in Prague, Třinecká 1024, 273 43, Buštěhrad, Czech Republic

    Hana Najmanová

  3. Department of Fire Safety Engineering, Lund University, John Ericssons väg 1, 223 63, Lund, Sweden

    Enrico Ronchi

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  1. Hana Najmanová
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  2. Enrico Ronchi
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Correspondence to Hana Najmanová.

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Najmanová, H., Ronchi, E. An Experimental Data-Set on Pre-school Children Evacuation. Fire Technol 53, 1509–1533 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-016-0643-x

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